2012

DİNİ ARAŞTIRMALARDA ÇOĞULCU BİR PERSPEKTİFE DOĞRU; -Pozitivist Sekülerliğin ve Teolojileştirilmiş Fenomenolojinin Ötesinde-

Üniversitelerde dinleri öğretme ve araştırma alanında iki farklı yaklaşım vardır. Bir taraftan Seküler ya da naturalist yaklaşım, dinleri dini olmayan faktörlerle açıklamaya çalışırken, diğer taraftan klasik ya da teolojik fenomenoloji, dinleri içeriden bakanın perspektifinden tasvir etmeyi amaçlar. Buna göre, seküler araştırmacılar, dinlerin ateist ya da hümanist akademisyenlerce öğretilmesi gerektiğini savunurken, teolojik fenomenologlar, dinlerin dindar ya da inananlarca öğretilmesi gerektiğini ileri sürerler. Çoğu insan, bu iki yaklaşımdan sadece birini kabul etmeye mecbur olduğumuzu düşünmesine rağmen, biz üçüncü bir seçeneği ya da pozisyonu savunmaktayız. Sekülerlik kavramını, pozitivist ve Avrupamerkezci bir paradigma olarak kabul etmeye mecbur değiliz. Bu yüzden, pozitivistik ve indirgemeci olmayan bir sekülerlik kavramına ve kendi dini geleneklerimiz ve değerlerimizle uyum içinde olan yeni bir sekülerlik anlayışına ulaşabiliriz.

Towards A Pluralist Perspective in Religious Studies Beyond Positi- vistic Secularity and Phenomenology Theologized Abstract

There are two different approaches in the realm of teaching or investigating of the religions in the universities. On the one hand either the secular or the naturalist approach tries to explain the religions by irreligious factors, on the other hand, either the theological or classical phenomenology aims to describe the religions from insider's perspective. According to this outlook, whereas the secular ist researchers defend on the fact that the religions should be taught by atheistor humanist acedemicians, the theological phenomenologists assert that the religionsshould be taught by the religious or beleivers. Although most people thinkthat we are compelled to accept the only one from these two approaches, actually,here we argue for the third alternative way or position; we souldn't be urgedto accept the concept of being "secular" as a positivist and an euro-centric paradigm.Therefore we may attain for an un-positivistic and un-reductionist conceptof being secular and a new understanding of secularity which is in harmony withour own religious traditions and values.

PDF

___

BELLAH Robert , Beyond Belief. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991
BERGER Peter, Dinin Sosyal Gerçekliği. Çev. Ali Coşkun. İstanbul: İnsan, 1993
COX James , A Guide to the Phenomenology of Religion,, London: T & T Clark International, 2006
"Ancestors, The Sacred and God: Reflections on the Meaning of the Sacred in Zimbabwean Death Rituals", Religion, 25 (4), 1995, (339-355)
DAWSON Lorne, "Human Reflexivity and the Nonreductive Explanation of Religious Action". Religion and Reductionism. ed. Thomas Idınopulos, Edward Yonan. New York: E.J. Brill, 1994
DONOVAN Peter, 1999. "Neutrality in Religious Studies". The Insider and Outsider Problem in the Study of Religion. ed. Russell McCutcheon. London: Cassell, 1999
DROGERS Andre, "Methodologic Ludism: Beyond Religionism and Reductionism", ed. Anton Van Harskamp, Conflicts in Social Science, New York: Routledge, 2003
ELLER Jack David, Introducing Anthropology of Religion, New York: Routledge, 2007
FERBER, Michael P., "Critical Realism and Religion: Objectivity and Insider/Outsider Problem", Annals of the American Geographers, 96(1), 2006, (176-181)
FITZGERALD Timothy, The Ideology of Religious Studies. New York: Oxford University Pres, 2000
IDINOPULOS Thomas , "Must Professors of Religion by Religous?" Religion and Reductionism. ed. Thomas Idınopulos, Edward Yonan. New York: E.J. Brill.. 1994
KING Richard, Orientalism and Religion: Post-Colonial Theory, India and 'The Mystic East' London: Routledge, 2001
KNOTT Kim , "Insider/ Outsider Perspectives". The Routledge Companion to the Study of Religion. ed. John Hinnells. New York: Routledge, 2005.
KUSOW, Abdi M., "Beyond Indigenous Authenticity: Reflections on the Insider/Outsider Debate in Immigration Research", Symbolic Interaction, vol. 26, no. 4, 2003, (591-599)
McCUTCHEON Russell, Critics not Caretakers: Redescribing the Public Study of Religion, New York: State University of New York Press, 2003.
MICKEY, Samuel, "On the Function of the Epoche in the Phenomenological Interpretations of Religion", PhaenEx 3, (Spring-Summer, 2008), (56-81).
MILBANK John,Theology and Social Theory: Beyond Secular Reason, Oxford: Blackwell, 2006
PALS Daniel , Explainig, Endorsing and Reducing Religion". Religion and Reductionism. ed. Thomas Idinopulos, Edward Yonan. New York: E.J. Brill, 1994 Reductionism and Belief" The Insider and Outsider Problem in the Study of Religion. ed. Russell McCutcheon. London: Cassell, 1999
SEGAL Robert , "Reductionism in the Study of Religion" Religion and Reductionism. ed. Thomas Idınopulos, Edward Yonan. New York: E.J. Brill, 1994,
In Defense of Reductionism" The Insider and Outsider Problem in the Study of Religion. ed. Russell McCutcheon. London: Cassell, 1999
SHARMA Arvind , What is Reductionism". Religion and Reductionism. ed. Thomas Idınopulos, Edward Yonan. New York: E.J. Brill, 1994
SMART Ninian, "Methods in My Life", The Craft of Religious Studies, ed., John R. Stone, New York: Palgrave, 2000
The Phenomenon of Religion. London: Mowbrays, 1978
STRENSKI Ivann , "Reduction without Tears" Religion and Reductionism. ed. Thomas Idınopulos, Edward Yonan. New York: E.J. Brill, 1994
SWIDLER, Leonard ve Paul Mozjes, The Study of Religion in Age of Global Dialogue, Philadelphia: Temple University Pres, 2000.
TURNER, Bryan Religion and Social Theory. London: Sage Pub., 1991
WAARDENBURG Jean Jacques, Reflections on the Study of Religion. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter,1978
, Research on Meaning in Religion". Religion, Culture and Methodology. ed. Th. P. van Baaren. Paris: Mouton the Hague, 1973.
Progress in Research on Meanings in Religion". Man, Meaning and Mystery. ed. Sigurd Helde. Leiden: Brill, 2000.
WIEBE Donald, The Politics of Religious Studies, Palgrave, 1999
WARNE Randi, "New Approaches to the Study of Religion in North America" New Approaches to the Study of Religion. ed. Peter Antes, Armin Geertz, Randi Warne. New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2004
"Beyond the Sceptic and the Devotee". Religion and Reductionism. ed. Thomas Idınopulos, Edward Yonan. New York: E.J. Brill., 1994
WUTHNOW Robert, Rediscovering the Sacred. Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1992
YONAN Edward , "Clarifying the Strenghts and Limits of Reductionism in the Discipline of Religion" Religion and Reductionism. ed. Thomas Idınopulos, Edward Yonan. New York: E.J. Brill, 1994