Yasemin SEZGİN, Mediha Nur NİŞANCI YILMAZ

PERİODONTOLOJİ KLİNİĞİNE BAŞVURAN HASTALARIN PERİODONTAL DURUMLARININ VE SİSTEMİK HASTALIKLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Amaç: Periodontal durumun ve risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi kişiye özgü tedavi planlaması ve prognoz tayini yapılabilmesi için önemlidir. Bu retrospektif çalışmada Başkent Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Periodontoloji Anabilim Dalı’na tedavi için başvuran hastaların demografik verilerini, periodontal hastalık durumlarını, mevcut sistemik hastalıklarını ve sigara alışkanlıklarını belirlemek ve mevcut periodontal durumun risk faktörleri ile ilişkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: 728 kadın, 722 erkek olmak üzere toplam 1500 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, sigara kullanımı, sistemik hastalık durumları kaydedilmiştir. Aynı zamanda klinik periodontal parametreler ve radyografik değerlendirmelere dayanarak periodontal durumları tespit edilmiştir. Veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Klinik ve radyografik parametreler birlikte değerlendirildiğinde hastaların %50,3’ü gingivitis, %39,8’i peridontitis, %9,9’u azalmış periodonsiyumda gözlenen gingivitis grubuna dahil edilmiştir. Erkek bireylerin %47’sine periodontitis teşhisi konmuştur ve periodonititis teşhisi açısından kadın bireylerle aralarında istatistiksel anlamlı fark gözlenmiştir (p<0,001). Hipertansiyon, diyabet ve kardiyovasküler hastalığı olan bireylerde istatistiksel anlamlı olarak daha fazla periodontitis teşhis edilmiştir (p<0,001). Sonuç: Hastadan alınan ayrıntılı anamnez ile klinik ve radyografik bulguların birlikte değerlendirilmesi, periodontal hastalıklardaki lokal ve sistemik risk faktörlerinin tedavi planlamasına dahil edilmesi tedavi başarısındaki önemli faktörlerdir. Hastanın düzenli olarak görülmesi ve risk faktörleri konusunda bilgilendirilmesi sağlığın idamesi açısından gereklidir. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların farklı derecelerde periodontal hastalığa sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Periodontitis tanısı hipertansiyon, diyabet ve kardiyovasküler hastalığı olanlarda daha yüksek olarak bulunmuştur. Periodontitisin çeşitli sistemik hastalıklarla birlikte teşhis edildiği durumlar tedavi planmasında dikkate alınmalıdır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Oral sağlık, periodontal hastalık Evaluation of the Periodontal Status and Systemic Diseases of the Patients Referring to the Faculty of Dentistry Abstract Aim: Determination of peridontal conditions and risk factors are critical for individual treatment planning and assessment of prognosis. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the demographic data, periodontal status, smoking habits, systemic diseases and also to detect the association between periodontal status and risk factors of patients referred to Başkent University Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology Department. Material and methods: 1500 patients 728 of whom were female, and 722 of whom were male were included in this study. Age, gender, smoking habits, systemic diseases were recorded. Periodontal status was evaluated based on the clinical periodontal parameters and radiographic evaluation. Results: 50,3% patients were diagnosed with gingivitis, 39,8% patients were diagnosed with periodontitis and 9,9% patients were diagnosed with reduced periodontium with gingivitis according to clinical and radiographic parameters. 47% of male subjects were diagnosed with periodontitis and diagnosis of periodontitis was significantly higher in male subjects compared to female subjects (p<0,001). Significantly more periodontitis was diagnosed in patients with hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease (p<0,001). Conclusion: Evaluation of clinical and radiological findings together with detailed history and inclusion of local and systemic risk factors in treatment planning in periodontal diseases are important factors in treatment success. Regular dental visits and informing the patientsv about risk factors are necessary for the maintenance of periodontal health. The patients included in the study had different degrees of periodontal disease. Patients with hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease were diagnosed commonly with periodontitis. Conditions in which periodontitis has been diagnosed with various systemic diseases should be considered in treatment planning. Keywords: Oral health; periodontal disease

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Oral sağlık

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