Süt Ortamında Lactobacillus plantarum NRRLB 4496'nın Aflatoksin M1 (AFM1) Bağlama Potansiyeli

Mikotoksinler, bazı fungus türleri tarafından sentezlenen ikincil metabolitlerdir ve bu toksinler içinde aflatoksinler insan ve hayvan sağlığı için çok tehlikeli olarak bilinmektedir. Aflatoksin M1(AFM1) kontaminasyonu süt ve süt ürünlerinde kritik rol oynamaktadır.Bu çalışmanın amacı, Lactobacillus plantarum NRRLB 4496'nın yağsız süt örneklerinde AFM1'in uzaklaştırma yeteneğinin değerlendirilmesidir. Süt ortamında AFM1 bağlanması, farklı parametreler ile test edilmiştir; AFM1 konsantrasyonları (0,5,1,2,5,10 ppb) ve inkübasyon süresi (30 dk, 1sa, 6sa, 24sa, 48 sa). Sütte kalan bağlanmamış AFM1 miktarı, florans detektörlü yüksek performans sıvı kromatografi- yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlarda, AFM1 konsantrasyonu AFM1 bağlama özelliğini önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. En yüksek uzaklaştırma yüzdesi, 5 ppb AFM1 konsantrasyonu için gözlenmiş ve % 61,33 olarak bulunmuştur. İnkübasyon süreci boyunca AFM1 bağlanma yüzdesinde önemli bir değişiklik gözlenmemiş olup, bağlanma büyük oranda 30 dakikada tamamlanmıştır. Sonuçlar, Lactobacillus plantarum NRRLB 4496'nın, AFM1 miktarının süt ortamında azaltılması için iyi bir uygulama potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Aflatoksin M1, süt, bağlanma

Determination of Some Physico-Mechanical Properties of Lettuce Seed

The physico-mechanical properties of lettuce seeds are essential for the design of equipment for harvesting, transporting, cleaning, separating, packing, seed coating, storing and processing. The aim of this study was to determine some physico-mechanical properties of lettuce seeds. The geometric, gravimetric, aerodynamic, and mechanical properties and friction characteristics of lettuce seeds were obtained. According to the results, the averages length, width and thickness of lettuce seeds with a moisture content of 8,09% d.b. were measured as 3,36 mm, 0,84 mm and 0,54 mm, respectively with a projected area of 2,79 mm2. The sphericity of lettuce seeds was calculated as 0,34. The thousand grain of mass, bulk density, true density, volume, and porosity of lettuce seeds were measured as 1,09 g, 0,463 g cm-3, 1,153 g cm-3, 0,871 cm3, and 59,84%, respectively. The terminal velocity was measured as 3,46 m s-1. The static coefficient of friction was measured on four different surfaces, namely, stainless steel, aluminium, plywood and rubber. The results were found to be 0,198, 0,278, 0,346 and 0,352, respectively. The dynamic angle of repose of lettuce seeds was specified as 20,33°, 18,99°, 20,34° and 21,05° on same surfaces. In addition, the static response angle was 22,55º and the shelling resistance was found as 1,29 kg.

Keywords:

Lettuce seed, porosity, terminal velocity,

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