Parazitoit Yaşının Trichogramma pintoi Voegele (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Performansı Üzerine Etkisi

Çalışmada Trichogramma pintoi Voegele erginlerinin farklı yaşlarda Ephestia kuehniella Zeller(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) yumurtaları ile karşılaşmasının parazitoit performansı üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır.Çalışmalar 25°C±1°C’de % 65-70 nem ve 16/8 saat aydınlık/ karanlık koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmasonucunda parazitlenen yumurta sayısında ergin yaşının etkili olduğu, yaşlı bireylerin parazitledikleri yumurtasayılarında düşmelerin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ergin ömrünün birinci gününde yumurta ile karşılaşanparazitoitlerin ortalama 159,80 adet yumurta bıraktıkları, ergin olduktan 7 gün sonra yumurta ile karşılaşanparazitoitlerin ise ortalama 27,30 adet yumurta parazitlenebildikleri belirlenmiştir. Parazitoitlerin canlı kalmaoranları ise %46,70 oranına düşmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda parazitoit performansı açısından ergin parazitoitinyaşının önemli olduğu salımlar ve kitle üretimi sırasında dikkat edilmesi gerektiği kanısına varılmıştır.

Effects of the Parasitoid Age on the Performance of Trichogramma pintoi Voegele (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

In this study, effect of ages on parasitoid performance of Trichogramma pintoi Voegele (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs were investigated. The studies has been conducted within a 25°C±1°C temperature, %65-70 relative humidity and 16 hours light 8 hours dark periods per day. At the end of research survival and ratio of adult parasitoids were affected by the parasitoids ages. As a result of the study, it was also determined that young females parasitized more hosts than older females. It was determined that parasitoids exposed to eggs on the first day of the adult's life had an average of 159.80 eggs left and that parasitoids encountered with eggs after 7 days of being mature could parasitized an average of 27.30 eggs. The survival rate of parasitoids decreased to 46.70%.

PDF

___

Amalin, D.M., Pena, J.E., Duncan, R.E., 2005. Effects of host age, female parasitoid age, and host plant on parasitism of Ceratogramma etiennei (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Florida Entomologist. 88, 77- 82.
Ayvaz, A., Karasu, E., Karabörklü, S., Tunçbilek, A.Ş., 2008. Effect of cold storage, rearing temperature, parasitoid age and irradiation on the performance of Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Journal of Stored Products Research. 44, 232-240.
Bigler, F., Meyer, A., Bosshart, S., 1987. Quality assessment in Trichogramma maidis Pintureau et Voegele reared from eggs of the factitious hosts Ephestia kuehniella Zell. and Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier). Journal of Applied Entomology. 104, 340-353.
Diaz, M.F., Ramírez, A., Poveda, K., 2012. Efficiency of different egg parasitoids and increased floral diversity for the biological control of noctuid pests. Biological Control. 60 (2): 182-191.
Garcia P., Tavares J., 1995. Parasitic capacity, longevity and development of Trichogramma cordubensis (Hym., Trichogrammatidae) at three temperature regimes. Les Colloques de I’INRA. 73: 71-74.
Garcia, P.V., Wajnberg, E., Oliveira, M.L.M., Tavares, J., 2001. Is the parasitization capacity of Trichogramma cordubensis influenced by the age of the females? Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 98, 219-224.
Hentz, M.G., 1998. Development, longevity, and fecundity of Chelonus sp.nr. curvimaculatus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an egg-larval parasitoidof pink bollworm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Environmental Entomology. 27, 443–449.
Honda, T., Kainoh, Y., 1998. Age-related fecundity and learning ability of the egglarvalparasitoid Ascogaster reticulatus Watanabe (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Biological Control. 13, 177-18.
Kara, G., Özder, N., 2017. Trichogramma brassicae, Trichogramma cacoeciae ve Trichogramma evanescens’in konukçu ve yumurta yaşı tercihi üzerinde araştırmalar. Türkiye Bitki Koruma Bülteni. 57 (4): 423-432.
Lessard, E., Boivin, G., 2013. Effect of age and hunger on host-feeding behavior by female Trichogramma euproctidis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Canadian Entomologist. 145 (1): 53-60.
Li, Li-ying., 1994. Worldwide use of Trichogramma for biological control of different crops: A survey. In: Wajnberg, E. & S. A. Hassan (eds.) Biological control with egg parasitoids. CAB International, Wallingford. 37-54 pp.
Masetti, A., Lanzoni, A., Burgio, G., 2010. Effects of flowering plants on parasitism of lettuce leaf miners (Diptera:Agromyzidae). Biological Control. 54 (3): 263-269.
Özder, N., Tayat, E., 2018. Storage possibilities of Trichogramma pintoi Voegele on eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 15(1): 45-50.
Özder, N., 2004. Effect of Different cold storage periods on parasitization performance of Trichogramma cacoeciae (Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae) on Eggs of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology. 14 (5): 441-447.
Özder, N., 2008. Effect of cold storage of adult Trichogramma brassicae, T. cacoeciae and T. evanescens (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae). Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection. 41(4): 296-299.
Özder, N., Demirtaş, Ş., 2017. Effects of artificial diets and floral nectar on parasitization performance of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko, 1968 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi. 41 (1):53-60.
Özder, N., Kara, G., 2010. Comparative biology and life tables of Trichogramma cacoeciae, T. brassicae and T. evanescens (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) with Ephestia kuehniella and Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) as hosts at three constant temperatures. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 20 (3): 245-255.
Özpinar, A., 1994. Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hym., Trichogrammatidae)’in iki farklı konukçudaki yaşam çizelgesi. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi. 18 (2):83-88.
Rajapakse, R.H.S., 1992. Effect of host age, parasitoid age, and temperature on interspecific competition between Chelonus insularis Cresso, Cotesia marginiventris Cresson and Microplitis manilae Ashmead. Insect Science and Its Application. 13, 87-94.
Saljoqi, A.U.R., Khattak, A.S.K., 2007. Effect of different artificial diets on the efficiency and development of Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Sarhad Journal of Agriculture. 23: 129-133.
Schöller, M., Hassan, S.A., 2001. Comparative biology and life tables of Trichogramma evanescens and T. cacoeciae with Ephestia elutella as host at four constant temperatures. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 98, 35-40.
Shearer, P.W., Atanassov, A., 2004. Impact of peach extra floral nectar on key biological characteristics of Trichogramma minutum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 97: 789- 792.
Steidle, J.L.M., Rees, D., Wright, E.J., 2001. Assessment of Australian Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) as control agents of stored product moths. Journal of Stored Products Research. 37, 263-275.
Uzun, S., 1994. Değişik sıcaklıklarda Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)’nin un güvesi (Ephestia kuehniella Zell.) yumurtalarında konukçu-parazit ilişkileri ve depolanması üzerinde araştırmalar. Türkiye III. Biyolojik Mücadele Kongresi Bildirileri, 25-28 Ocak 1994, Entomoloji Derneği Yayınları No:7, 431-440.
Witting-Bissinger, B.E., Orr, D.B.E., Linker, H.M., 2008. Effect of floral resources on fitness of the parasitoids Trichogramma exiguumm (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and Cotesia congregata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Biological Control. 47 (2):180-186.
Zhu, P.Y., Gurr, G.M., Lu, Z.X., Heong, K.L., Chen, G.H., Zheng, X.S., Xu, H.X., Yang, Y.J., 2013. Laboratory screening supports the selection of sesame (Sesamum inducum) to enhance Anagrus spp. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of rice planthoppers. Biological Control. 64 (1):83-89.