Sürdürülebilir Yapı Malzemesi Olarak Bambunun Kullanımına Yönelik Bir Tasarım Önerisi: Doğu Karadeniz Örneği

Çevresel yaklaşım modeli içinde yapılarda düşük enerjili malzemelerin tercih edilmesi, yapı-yaşam döngüsünün her aşamasında enerjiyi az ve verimli kullanmak sürdürülebilirliğe önemli katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi Rize ilinde yetiştirilen, fakat yapı malzemesi olarak kullanılmayan bambunun yapı üretiminde kullanımını yaygınlaştırmak ve sürdürülebilir yapı tasarımında farkındalık oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, bölgeye yeni ve farklı bir anlayış kazandıracağı hedeflenen bambu yapı malzemesiyle, geleneksel yapım sistemleri kullanılarak, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi kırsal turizm alanlarında konaklama amaçlı bir tasarım modeli geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmada betimsel analiz yapılmış ve doküman analizi tekniği ile uygun detaylar seçilmiştir. Daha sonra çalışmanın işlevi ile ilişkilendirilen detaylar revize edilerek üretilen proje kapsamında kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda proje, geleneksel bambu yapımında kullanılan temel, duvar, döşeme, çatı ve doğrama elemanlarının uygulama biçimleri dikkate alınarak tasarlanmıştır. Modelin plan, kesit, görünüş, sistem planı-kesiti-görünüşü ve nokta detayları uygulama projesi olarak çizilmiş ve yapım süreci değerlendirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda; bambu yapım sistemlerinin ahşaba benzer olduğu, bambunun; döşeme, duvar, çatı, doğrama ve kaplamalarda kullanılabilen çok yönlü bir malzeme olduğu ve ahşap, beton, çelik, taş vb. yapı malzemeleriyle kompozit olarak kullanılabildiği görülmüştür. İklim koşullarına, topoğrafyaya, yerel dokuya ve mimariye uygun tasarım ile oluşturulan bambu yapıların ülkemizde de uygulanabileceği, ekoturizm ve yerel kalkınma adına büyük katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bambu, Yapı Elemanı, Yapı Detayı, Proje, Rize

A Design Proposal for Using Bamboo as a Sustainable Building Material: The Case of the Eastern Black Sea

Preferring low-energy materials in buildings within the environmental approach model and using energy less and efficiently at every stage of the building-life cycle make a significant contribution to sustainability. This study aims to popularize the use of bamboo, which is grown but not used as a building material in Rize in the Eastern Black Sea Region, in building products and to raise awareness of sustainable building design. In the study, a design model for accommodation in the rural tourism areas of the Eastern Black Sea Region has been developed by using traditional construction systems with bamboo construction material, which is aimed to bring a new and different understanding to the region. In the study, descriptive analysis was made and appropriate details were selected with the document analysis technique. After that, the details associated with the function of the study were revised and used within the scope of the produced project. In this context, the project was designed by considering the application forms of foundation, wall, floor, roof, and joinery elements used in traditional bamboo construction. Plan, section, view, system plan-section-view, and point details of the model were drawn as an application project and the construction process was evaluated. In this context bamboo-making systems are similar to wood. Bamboo is a versatile material that can be used in flooring, walls, roofs, joinery, and coatings and can be used as a composite with building materials such as wood, concrete, steel, stone, etc. It is thought that bamboo structures created with a design suitable for climatic conditions, topography, local texture, and architecture can also be applied in our country and contribute greatly to ecotourism and regional development.

Keywords:

Bamboo, Construction Element, Construction Detail, Project, Rize,

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