Derya AKYILDIZ ÜSTÜNER, Yasemin KAVLAK, Selda YILDIZ, Cihan TANRIKUT, M.cengiz ÜSTÜNER

Alzheimer Hastası Yaşlılarda Egzersizin Mitotik İndeks ve Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri Üzerine Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Araştırma, Alzheimer hastalığında (AD) egzersizin, mitotik indeks (MI) üzerine etkilerini ilgili ölçüm araçlarını kullanarak gösterebilmeyi amaçlamıştır. Düzenli egzersiz programı ile ileri yaş gruplarında hafızada düzelme, öğrenme kapasitesinde artış ve sensörimotor fonksiyonlarda iyileşme sağlanabilmekte aynı zamanda yaşlı bireylerin Günlük Yaşam Aktivitelerindeki (GYA) bağımsızlık seviyesi de artmaktadır. Araştırmada Alzheimer hastası 19 yaşlı birey egzersiz öncesi ve sonrası dönemde; bilişsel testler ve günlük yaşam aktiviteleri, mitotik indeks açısından incelenerek, hastalığın tanı, tedavi ve bakım süreçlerinde katkı oluşturulması hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Alzheimer, egzersiz, günlük yaşam aktivitesi, mitotik indeks

Evaluation of the Effects of Exercise on Mitotic Index and Activities of Daily Living in Elderly Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

The aim of the study was to show the effects of exercise on the mitotic index (MI) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by using the relevant measurement tools. With a regular exercise program, improvement in memory, increase in learning capacity and improvement in sensorimotor functions can be achieved in older age groups, and increased the also increased independence level of Daily Living Activities (ADL) of elderly individuals. In the study, it was aimed to contribute to the diagnosis, treatment and care processes of the disease by examining the cognitive tests and daily living activities of 19 elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease in terms of mitotic index before and after exercise.

Keywords:

Alzheimer, exercise, daily living activities, mitotic index,

PDF

___

[1] Borges-Machado, F., Ribeiro, Ó., Sampaio, A., Marques-Aleixo, I., Meireles, J., & Carvalho, J. (2019). Feasibility and impact of a multicomponent exercise intervention in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: a pilot study. Amerikan Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, 34(2), 95-103.
[2] Cummings, J. L., & Cole, G. (2002). Alzheimer disease. Jama, 287(18), 2335-2338.
[3] Kamat, P. K., Rai, S., & Nath, C. (2013). Okadaic acid induced neurotoxicity: an emerging tool to study Alzheimer's disease pathology. Neurotoxicology, 37, 163-172.
[4] Živković, L., Plećaš, B., Bajić, V., Đelić, N., & Spremo-Potparević, B. (2011). Evaluation of DNA damages in peripheral blood leukocytes of Alzheimer's disease patients by Comet test. Arhiv za farmaciju, 61(1), 28-41.
[5] Kormann-Bortolotto, M. H., Smith, M. D. A. C., & Neto, J. T. (1993). Alzheimer's disease and ageing: a chromosomal approach. Gerontology, 39(1), 1-6.
[6] Pinto, T. C., Machado, L., Bulgacov, T. M., Rodrigues-Júnior, A. L., Costa, M. L., Ximenes, R. C., & Sougey, E. B. (2019). Is the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) screening superior to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) in the elderly. International Psychogeriatrics, 31(4), 491-504.
[7] Chopra, K., Misra, S., & Kuhad, A. (2011). Neurobiological aspects of Alzheimer's disease. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, 15(5), 535-555.
[8] Jenkins, E. C., Ye, L., Gu, H., & Li, S. Y. (2000). Mitotic index and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of Aging, (21), 22.
[9] Gomez-Cabrera, M. C., Ferrando, B., Brioche, T., Sanchis-Gomar, F., & Vina, J. (2013). Exercise and antioxidant supplements in the elderly. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2(2), 94-100.
[10] Sefa, L., & Neslihan, L. Ö. K. (2015). Demansta fiziksel aktivite ve egzersiz. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 7(3), 289-294.
[11] Folstein M.F., Folstein S., Mc Hugh P.R. (1975). "Mini Mental State" A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res, 12, 189-198
[12] Güngen, C., Ertan, T., Eker, E., Yaşar, R., & Engin, F. (2002). Standardize mini mental test’in Türk toplumunda hafif demans tanısında geçerlik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13(4), 273-281.
[13] Kankaya, H., & Karadakovan, A. (2017). Yaşlı bireylerde günlük yaşam aktivite düzeylerinin yaşam kalitesi ve yaşam doyumuna etkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(4), 21-29.
[14] Tel Aydın, H., Tel, H., & Sabancıoğulları, S. (2006). Evde ve kurumda yaşayan 60 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin günlük yaşam aktivitelerini sürdürme ve yalnızlık yaşama durumu. Türk Geriatri Dergisi, 9(1), 34-40.
[15] Alkan, A. (2019). Factors Associated with Activities Of Daily Living In Geriatric Patients With Cancer. Acta Oncologica Turcica, Doi: 10.5505/aot.2019.83702
[16] Bezrookove, V., Smits, R., Moeslein, G., Fodde, R., Tanke, H. J., Raap, A. K., & Darroudi, F. (2003). Premature chromosome condensation revisited: a novel chemical approach permits efficient cytogenetic analysis of cancers. Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer, 38(2), 177-186.
[17] Buckton, K. E., & Evans, H. J. (1973). Methods for the analysis of human chromosome aberrations.
[18] CDC, Physical Activity is Essential to Healthy Aging, 23.08.2022, https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/basics/older_adults/index.htm#:~:text=Adults%20aged%2065%20and%20older,of%20activities%20that%20strengthen%20muscles.
[19] Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Procto DN, Fiatarone Singh MA, Minson CT, Nigg CR, Salem GJ, Skinner JS. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc., 41(7),1510-30.
[20] Cindaş A. (2001). Yaşlılarda Egzersiz Uygulamasının Genel İlkeleri. Geriatri, 4 (2), 77-84.
[21] American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. (1998). Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc,30(6),992-1008.
[22] Moorhead, P. S., Heyman, A., & Opitz, J. M. (1983). Chromosome studies of patients with Alzheimer disease. American journal of medical genetics, 14(3), 545-556.
[23] Üstüner, D., Gunes, S., Sarıboyacı, A. E., Uysal, O., Sevimli, T. S., & Soykan, M. N. (2022). Rekombinant klotho proteininin insan kolorektal kanser hücreleri üzerindeki apoptotik etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi. Biyolojik Çeşitlilik ve Koruma, 15(2), 134-142.
[24] Petrozzi, L., Lucetti, C., Scarpato, R., Gambaccini, G., Trippi, F., Bernardini, S., ... & Bonuccelli, U. (2002). Cytogenetic alterations in lymphocytes of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease patients. Neurological Sciences, 23(2), s97-s98.
[25] Sasikalaa, K., SureshKumar, S., Balamuralikrishnana, B., Aruna, M., Karthickkumar, A., Ahmad, A. M., ... & Balachandar, V. (2016). Cytogenetic Analysis and Screening of ApoE and Neurotransmitters in Alzheimer’s Patients in Tamil Nadu Population. International Journal of Human Genetics, 16(3-4), 107-115.
[26] Jenkins, E. C., Ye, L., Gu, H., & Wisniewski, H. M. (1998). Mitotic index and Alzheimer's disease. NeuroReport, 9(17), 3857-3861.
[27] Ma, C. L., Ma, X. T., Wang, J. J., Liu, H., Chen, Y. F., & Yang, Y. (2017). Physical exercise induces hippocampal neurogenesis and prevents cognitive decline. Behavioural brain research, 317, 332-339.
[28] Şenışık, S. Ç. (2015). Egzersİz ve Bağişiklik Sistemi. Spor Hekimliği Dergisi, 50(1), 011-020.
[29] Farioli-Vecchioli, S., Sacchetti, S., di Robilant, N. V., & Cutuli, D. (2018). The role of physical exercise and omega-3 fatty acids in depressive illness in the elderly. Current neuropharmacology, 16(3), 308-326.
[30] Hamurcu, Z. (2009). Derleme: Egzersizin Dna Üzerine Etkileri. Spor Hekimliği Dergisi, 44(2), 051-059.
[31] Kidd, P. M. (2008). Alzheimer's disease, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and age-associated memory impairment: current understanding and progress toward integrative prevention. Alternative Medicine Review, 13(2).
[32] Liang, J., Wang, C., Zhang, H., Huang, J., Xie, J., & Chen, N. (2021). Exercise-induced benefits for alzheimer’s disease by stimulating mitophagy and improving mitochondrial function. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 13.
[33] Meray, J., & Yenice, I. S. (2018). Beyin ve Egzersiz. Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Sciences/Fiziksel Tup ve Rehabilitasyon Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(2).
[34] Wales, K., Clemson, L., Lannin, N., & Cameron, I. (2016). Functional assessments used by occupational therapists with older adults at risk of activity and participation limitations: a systematic review. PloS one, 11(2), e0147980.
[35] Elsawy B, Higgins KE. (2010). Physical Activity Guidelines for Older Adults. Am. Fam. Physician, (81), 55-59.