Yeşil Kaplumbağa Yuvalama Alanından İzole Edilen Aspergillus alliaceus'un Ağır Metal Tolerans Potansiyeli

Ağır metaller çevrede doğal olarak bulunmaktadır. Bu metallerin insan faaliyetleri ve bazı doğal olaylar sonucunda suya, havaya ve toprağa karışması en ciddi küresel sorunlardan biridir. Bu metallerin toksisitesi, canlılarda birikimi ve biyolojik olarak parçalanamama özellikleri nedeniyle de ciddi bir sorun teşkil etmektedir. Sucul ve karasal ortamlarda giderek artan ağır metal kirliliği; insan ve çevre sağlığı açısından bu metallerin ortamdan uzaklaştırılması için bioremediasyon gibi iyileştirme stratejilerini gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; ağır metal iyileştirme potansiyeline sahip fungusların araştırılması amacıyla endüstriyel tesisler, deniz trafiği gibi insan faaliyetleri nedeniyle yoğun çevresel etkilere maruz kalan Sugözü Kumsalları'ndan alınan toprak örneklerinden fungus izolasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kumsal aynı zamanda yeşil kaplumbağa için önemli bir yuvalama alanıdır. Bu alandan izole edilen Aspergillus alliaceus, internal transcribed spacer 1 ve 4 primerleri kullanılarak tanımlanmıştır. A. alliaceus'un demir, çinko, kobalt ve bakıra olan toleransının belirlenmesi için; fungus farklı konsantrasyonlarda (200, 400, 600, 800 ve 1000 ppm) metal içeren besiyerlerine inoküle edilmiştir. 30°C'de gerçekleştirilen on günlük inkübasyon süresince günlük olarak misel radyal büyümeleri kaydedilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; A. alliaceus'un Fe ve Zn'yi tüm test konsantrasyonlarında tolere ettiği saptanmıştır. Bunun yanında; kobaltı 600 ppm'e bakırı ise; 400 ppm konsantrasyona kadar tolere ettiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada; A. alliaceus'un demir, çinko ve kobalt metallerine olan toleransı ilk defa belirlenmiş olup; biyoremediasyon çalışmalarında verimli bir şekilde kullanılabilirliği önerilmektedir.

Heavy Metal Tolerance Potential of Aspergillus alliaceus Isolated from a Green Turtle Nesting Site

Heavy metals are naturally present in the environment. As a result of human activities and some natural events,mixing of these metals in water, air and soil is one of the most serious global problems. The toxicity of these metalsis also a serious global problem due to their accumulation in living things and non-biodegradable characteristics.Increasing heavy metal pollution in aquatic and terrestrial environments requires improvement strategies such asbioremediation to remove these metals from the environment for human and environmental health. In this study,fungal isolation was performed to examine fungi with heavy metal remediation potential using sand samples fromSugözü Beaches where are subjected to intense environmental effects due to human activities including industrialfacilities and marine traffic. This beach is also an important nesting area for the green turtle. Aspergillus alliaceusisolated from this beach was identified using primers of internal transcribed spacer 1 and 4. To determine thetolerance of A. alliaceus to iron, zinc, cobalt and copper, the fungus was inoculated into media containing metalat different concentrations (200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 ppm). Daily mycelium growths were recorded during aten day incubation at 30°C. A.alliaceus was found to tolerate Fe and Zn at all concentrations. Besides, it toleratedCo and Cu up to 400 and 600 ppm, respectively. In this study, the tolerance of A. alliaceus to Fe, Zn, and Co wasdetermined for the first time and it is recommended that it can be used efficiently in bioremediation studies.

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