Erkan AZİZOĞLU, Özdemir ADIZEL, Ali Bilgin YILMAZ, Ferhat ALGÜR

Van Gölü Martısı (Larus armenicus Buturlin, 1934)’nın Dışkı Muayenesinde Görülen Helmintler

Bu çalışma Van Gölü ve çevresinde yaşam alanı bulan Larus armenicus’un gastro intestinal sisteminde parazitlenen helmint türlerini tespit etmek için yapıldı. Araştırmada Van Gölü içerisinde dört ayrı noktada bulunan adalardan 25’er adet olmak üzere toplamda 100 adet taze martı dışkısı toplandı. Dışkılar üzerinde lokasyon, kuş türü ve tarih bilgisi bulunan plastik kaplara alınarak laboratuvara getirildi. Flotasyon ve sedimentasyon yöntemleri ile analiz edilen dışkılardan %3 oranında Hymenolepis spp., %6 oranında Capillaria spp, %27 oranında Echinostoma revolutum türü parazit yumurtaları tespit edildi. Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’de Hymenolepis spp.’nin türü helmintin Larus armenicus türü martıda parazitlik yaptığı ilk kez tespit edildi.Anahtar kelimeler: Van Gölü, Larus armenicus, helmint, parazit.

Helminths Seen in the Stool Examination of the Armenian Gull (Larus armenicus Buturlin, 1934)

This study was carried out to identify the Helminth species parasitized in the gastro intestinal system of Larus armenicus, which found habitat in Lake Van and its surroundings. In the research, a total of 100 fresh gull feces, 25 of which are located in four different points in Lake Van, were collected. The feces were brought to the laboratory in plastic containers with location, bird species and history on the feces. From the feces analyzed by flotation and sedimentation methods, 3% Hymenolepis spp., 6% Capillaria spp, 27% Echinostoma revolutum type parasite eggs were detected. With this study in Turkey Hymenolepis spp helminth species of gull Larus armenicus type his parasitism was detected for the first time.Keywords: Lake Van, Larus armenicus, helminth, parasite.

PDF

___

[1] Burger J., Gochfeld M., Sharpe C.J. 2015. Armenian Gull (Larus armenicus). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive, Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
[2] Bird Life International. 2015. European Red List of Birds. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg.
[3] Atkinson C.T., Thomas N.J., Hunter D.B. 2008. Parasitic diseases of wild birds. New York, Wiley-Blackwell, 1-592.
[4] Gustafsson L., Nordling D., Andersson M.S., Sheldon B.C., Qvarnstrom A. 1994. Infectious diseases, reproductive effort and the cost of reproduction in birds. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological sciences, 346: 323-331.
[5] Dawson R.D., Bortolotti G. 2000. Effects of hematozoan parasites on condition and return rates of American kestrels. The Auk, 117: 373-380.
[6] Sol D., Jovani R., Torres J. 2003. Parasite mediated mortality and host immune response explain age-related differences in blood parasitism in birds. Oecologia, 135: 542-547.
[7] Garvin M.G., Szell G.G., Moore F.R. 2006. Blood parasites of Neartic-Neotropical migrant passerine birds during spring trans-gulf migration: impact on host body condition. Journal of Parasitology, 92: 990-996.
[8] Ashgar M., Hasselquist D., Bensch S. 2011. Are chronic avian haemosporidian infections costly in wild birds? Journal of Avian Biology, 42: 530-537.
[9] Lachish S., Knowles S.C.L., Alves R., Wood M.J., Sheldon B.C. 2011. Fitness effects of endemic malaria infections in a wild bird population: the importance of ecological structure. Journal Animal Ecology, 80: 1196-1206.
[10] López G., Muñoz J., Soriguer R., Figuerola J. 2013. Increased Endoparasite Infection in LateArriving Individuals of a Trans-Saharan Passerine Migrant Bird. PLoS ONE, 8 (4): e61236.
[11] Lyles A.M., Dobson A.P. 1993. Infectious disease and intensive management: population dynamics, threatenedhosts, and their parasites. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 24 (3): 315- 326.
[12] McLaughlin J.D. 2008. Cestodes. In: Parasitic diseases of wild birds. Ames, Iowa, USA, John Wiley & Sons, 261-276.
[13] Carrera-Ja´tiva P., Rodrı´guez-Hidalgo R., Sevilla C., Jime´nez-Uzca´tegui G. 2014. Gastrointestinal parasites in the Gala´pagos penguin Spheniscus mendiculus and the flightless cormorant Phalacrocorax harrisi in the Gala´pagos Islands. Marine Ornithology, 42:77-80.
[14] Fallacara D.M., Monahan C.M., Morishita T.Y., Catherine A., Wack R.F. 2004. Survey of parasites and bacterial pathogens from free-living waterfowl in zoological settings. Avian Diseases, 48 (4):759-767.
[15] Holsback L., Cardoso M.J.L., Fagnani R., Patelli T.H.C. 2013. Natural infection by endoparasites among freeliving wild animals. The Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 22 (2): 302- 306.
[16] Ozmen O., Adanir R., Haligur M., Albayrak T., Kose O., Ipek V. 2013. Parasitologic and pathologic observationsof the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 44 (3): 564-569.
[17] Kaufman J. 1996. Parasitic infections of domestic animals. A Diagnostic Manual. Birkhäuser Verlag AG, Basel, Switzerland, 1-423.
[18] Fernando MA, Barta JR. 2008. Tracheal Worms: In: Parasitic Diseases of Wild Birds. Blackwell Publishing, 343-354.
[19] Kılınç Ö., Çiçek M., Akkaş Ö. 2011. Van Gölü Çevresinde Yaşayan Gümüşi Martı (Larus michahellis) Dışkılarının Helmintolojik Yönden İncelenmesi. Y.Y.U. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 22 (2): 101-103.
[20] Poyraz E. 2017. Bursa’da Yaşayan Gümüş Martı (Larus michahellis Naumann, 1840)’nın Helmint Faunası. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bursa.
[21] Permin A., Hansen S.W. 1998. Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of poultry parasites. FAO Animal Health Manuals 4. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 36- 37.
[22] Nekrasov A.V., Pronin N.M., Sanzhieva S.D., Timoshenko T.M. 1999. Diversity of helminth fauna in the Herring gull (Larus argentatus) from the Baikal Lake: Peculiarities of spatial distribution and invasion. Parazitologiya, 33 (5): 426-436.
[23] Baker D.G. 2007. Flynn’s parasites of Laboratory Animals. Blackwell Publishing, USA.
[24] Helmboldt C.F., Eckerlin R.P., Penner L.R., Wyand D.S. 1971. The pathology of capillariasis in the blue jay. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 7: 157-161.
[25] Hurst G.A., Turner L.W., Tucker F.S. 1979. Capillariasis in penned wild turkeys. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 15: 395-397.
[26] Kuklin V.V., Kimsova N.E. 2007. Helminths of the gulls (Genus Larus) of the Barents Sea. Parazitologiya, 3 (2): 64-71.
[27] Threlfall W. 1967. Studies on the helminth parasites of the herring gull, Larus argentatus Pontopp., in Northern Caernarvonshire and Anglesey. Parasitology, 57: 431-453.
[28] Kuklin V.V. 2011. The Peculiarities of the helminth fauna of Herring Gulls of the synanthropic Murmansk Population. Doklady Biological Sciences, 440: 309-312.