Çeltik Ekim Alanlarında Sorun Olan Cyperus difformis L. (Kız Otu)’ in Genetik ve Morfolojik Çeşitliliğinin Belirlenmesi

Öz Cyperus difformis L. (Kız otu) dünya genelinde olduğu çeltik üretim alanlarında sorun olan önemli yabancı ot türlerinden biridir. Türün morfolojik ve genetik çeşitliliğin saptanmasıyla ülkemizdeki mevcut dayanıklılık olgusuna etkisinin belirlenmesi hedeflenen çalışma kapsamında, çeltik ekim alanlarını temsil edecek şekilde 50 populasyon ile çalışılmıştır. Morfolojik farklılığı saptamak için 13 farklı parametre incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçları populasyonlar arasında morfolojik olarak belirgin farklılığı göstermiştir. Populasyonlar arasındaki genetik varyasyon 17 oligonükleotid primeri kullanılarak Rasgele Çoğaltılmış Polimorfik DNA analiziyle belirlenmiştir. Average Linkage kullanılarak oluşturulan dendogram bilgilerine göre 0.25’ lik genetik uzaklıkta çalışılan populasyonların iki ana gruba ayrıldığı görülmüştür. Yapılan morfolojik ve moleküler analizlerde incelenen populasyonlar arasında bazı kantitatif karakterler noktasında farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Farklı bölgelerde yetişen populasyonlar arasında morfolojik bakımdan göz ardı edilmeyecek düzeylerde benzerlikler saptanırken, genetik olarak çeşitlilik daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu durum gen taşınması noktasında yüksek bir potansiyeli işaret etmektedir. Saptanan olgunun coğrafi alanlara adaptasyon, insanlar ve aletler tarafından tohumların bölgeler arası taşınması ve yabancı ot mücadele yöntemleri içerisinde özellikle kullanılan herbisitlere karşı yabancı ot tarafından geliştirilen dayanıklılıktan kaynaklanabileceği kanısına varılmıştır. Bu bağlamda C. difformis tohum hareketinin azaltılması, çeltik tohumluk trafiğinin ve herbisit kullanımının iyi denetlenmesinin yanısıra, kültürel yöntemler gibi alan yönetimi uygulamalarına odaklanılması gerekmektedir. Bu noktada alınacak önlemlerin entegre mücadele stratejileri açısından önem arz ettiği unutulmamalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kantitatif karakterler, moleküler markır, mücadele stratejileri, yabancı ot

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