2020 Azerbaycan-Ermenistan Ateşkesine Göre Yerinden Edilenlerin Dağlık Karabağ’a Geri Dönüşü

1988 yılında, Dağlık Karabağ konusunda, Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan arasında silahlı çatışmalar başlamış, 1992-1994 arasında geniş kapsamlı bir savaşa dönüşmüştür. 1994’teki ateşkes tam olarak çatışmasızlık getirmemiştir. En son 27 Eylül 2020 tarihinde başlayan silahlı çatışma, 9 Kasım 2020 tarihinde, Ermenistan, Azerbaycan ve Rusya arasında imzalanan ateşkes anlaşmasıyla sonuçlanmıştır. Bu anlaşmanın 7. maddesine göre, “Ülke içinde yerinden edilmiş kişiler ve mülteciler, Dağlık Karabağ ve komşu bölgelere Birleşmiş Milletler Mülteciler Yüksek Komiserliğinin kontrolünde geri dönecekler” dir. Birleşmiş Milletler Mülteciler Yüksek Komiserliğine göre, Azerbaycan ülkesi içinde olan Dağlık Karabağ ve komşu bölgelerine geri dönecek mülteci sayısının yaklaşık 90.000 ve ülke içinde yerinden edilmiş kişi sayısının 640.000’den fazla olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Ülke içinde yerinden edilmiş kişiler ve mülteciler, “yerinden edilmiş kişi” üst başlığında toplanmış olsa da uluslararası hukukta korunmaları birbirinden farklıdır. Bu çalışmada, söz konusu anlaşma maddesi, özellikle Ülke İçinde Yerinden Edilen Kişilerin korunması konusunda reform ihtiyacı ve yasal boşlukları da vurgulayarak, uluslararası hukuk ve uluslararası insancıl hukuk çerçevesinde incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ülke içinde yerinden edilen kişiler, mülteciler, geri dönüş, uluslararası insancıl hukuk, uluslararası hukuk

The Return of Displaced Persons to Nagorno-Karabakh According to 2020 Azerbaijan-Armenia Ceasefire

In 1988, armed conflicts started between Armenia and Azerbaijan on the Nagorno-Karabakh, and it turned into a comprehensive war between 1992-1994.The ceasefire in 1994 did not bring complete non-conflict. The armed conflict which recently started on 27th September 2020, resulted in the ceasefire agreement signed on 9th December 2020 among the Republic of Azerbaijan, Republic of Armenia and Russian Federation. According to article 7th of the agreement, “Internal displaced persons and refugees are returning to the territory of Nagorno- Karabakh and adjacent districts under the control of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner on Refugees.” According to UNHCR, refugees will be returned to Nagorno Karabakh and adjacent regions in Azerbaijan territory are approximately 90.000 in number whereas internally displaced persons who are in the same situations are more than 640.000. Although Internally Displaced Persons and Refugees are grouped under the term of Displaced Persons, their protection under the International Law is different from each other. This study is examined the above-mentioned article of the agreement under the International Law and International Humanitarian Law which also is emphasizing legal gaps and the need for reform on the protection of especially Internal Displaced Persons.

Keywords:

Internally displaced persons, refugees, returned, international humanitarian law, international law,

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