Osteoporozu Olan Geriatrik Kadın Hastalarda Düşme Öyküsü ve Düşme Korkusu ile İlişkili Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Osteoporozlu hastalarda düşme korkusu sık görülen bir durumdur ve hastaların fiziksel performanslarında azalmaya yol açarak kısır bir döngüye yol açar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 65 yaş ve üstü osteoporozu olan kadın hastalarda, düşme sıklığını, düşmeye ilişkin tanımlayıcı verileri, düşme ile ilişkili faktörleri belirlemek ve düşme korkusunu etkileyebilecek faktörleri değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Doksan sekiz kadın hasta (yaş ortalaması: 74.0±5.1) , düşme öyküsü ve düşme korkusuna ilişkin tanımlayıcı bilgiler, demografik ve klinik veriler ve rutin kan testleri ile değerlendirildi. Hastaların Uluslararası Düşme Etkinliği Ölçeği, el kavrama gücü, Rivermead Mobilite İndeksi ve Douleur Neuropathique 4 anket puanları karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Son üç ay içinde düşen hastalarda 25-hidroksivitamin D, vitamin B12 ve el kavrama kuvveti daha düşük, hemoglobin A1C düzeyi daha yüksekti (sırasıyla, p<0.001, p=0.002, p<0.001, p=0.026).Düşen hastaların tamamında düşme korkusu vardı, düşen tüm hastalar evde yalnız yaşamıyor ve düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapmıyordu. Düşen hastaların çoğuna (%83.3) daha önceden osteoporoz tanısı konmuştu ve uyku kaliteleri daha kötüydü (p=0.003). Yaşın ilerlemesi, geç menopoz ve yalnız yaşama düşme korkusu üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahipti (sırasıyla, p=0.026, p=0.010, p=0.006). Sonuç: Düşme, serum D ve B12 vitamini düzeyi, kas gücü, kan glikoz düzeyi, düzenli fiziksel aktivite, düşme korkusu, yalnız yaşama, kötü uyku kalitesi ve önceden osteoporoz tanısı almış olma ile ilişkili olabilirken; düşme korkusu, ileri yaş, menopoz yaşı ve yalnız yaşama ile ilişkili olabilir. Bu sonuçlar düşme ve düşme korkusunun osteoporozu olan geriatrik hastalarda çok faktörlü olaylar olduğunu göstermektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yaşlanma, Yaşlı, Düşme, Düşme Korkusu, Osteoporoz

Evaluation of Factors Associated with Fall History and Fear of Falling in Geriatric Female Patients with Osteoporosis

Aim: Fear of falling is a common condition in patients with osteoporosis and leads to a decrease in physical performance of patients, causing a vicious cycle. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of falls, descriptive data regarding falls, and factors associated with falling in female patients with osteoporosis aged 65 years and over, and to evaluate the factors that may affect fear of falling (FoF). Material and Methods: Ninety eight female patients (mean age: 74.0±5.1 years) were evaluated with descriptive information about fall history and FoF, demographic and clinical data, and routine blood tests. Falls Efficacy Scale International, hand grip strength, the Rivermead Mobility Index, and the Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire scores were compared. Results: 25-hydroxyvitamin D, vitamin B12, and hand grip strength were lower and hemoglobin A1C level was higher in patients who fell within the last three months (p<0.001, p=0.002, p<0.001, p=0.026, respectively). All patients who fell had FoF, did not live alone, and did not engage in regular physical activity. The majority of the patients who fell had previously been diagnosed with osteoporosis (83.3%) and had poorer sleep quality (p=0.003). Increasing age, late menopause, and living alone had a significant effect on FoF (p=0.026, p=0.010, p=0.006, respectively). Conclusion: While falling may be associated with serum vitamin D and B12 levels, muscle strength, blood glucose level, regular physical activity, having FoF, living alone, poor sleep quality and previously diagnosed with OP; FoF may be associated with advanced age, age of menopause, and living alone. These results show that falls and FoF are multifactorial events in geriatric patients with osteoporosis

Keywords:

Aging, Elderly, Falling, Fear of falling, Osteoporosis,

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