Zeki YAHYAOĞLU, Zafer ÖLMEZ, Aşkın GÖKTÜRK, Fatih TEMEL

SOĞUK KATLAMA VE SÜLFÜRİK ASİT ÖNİŞLEMLERİNİN ALIÇ (Crataegus spp.) TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Artvin Yöresinde doğal olarak yayılış gösteren Crataegus microphylla, C. monogyna, C. monogyna subsp.azarella, C. pontica ve C. pseudoheterophylla türlerinin tohumlarının çimlenme engellerini giderecek uygunyöntemlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tohumlar türlerin doğal olarak yayılış gösterdiği alanlardantoplanmıştır. Çimlenme engellerinin giderilmesi için 20, 40, 60 ve 90 gün soğuk katlama, 60 ve 90 gün soğukkatlama ile birlikte değişik sürelerde (30, 75, 105, 120, 150 ve 180 dakika) konsantre (%98) sülfürik asitte(H2SO4) bekletme işlemleri ile farklı sürelerde sülfürik asitte bekletilen tohumlarda sonbahar ekimleriuygulanmıştır. Ekimler üç yinelemeli tesadüfî tam bloklar deneme desenine göre sera ve açık alan koşullarındagerçekleştirilmiştir. Ekim zamanını takiben 90 gün boyunca gözlemler yapılmış, çimlenme yüzdeleri veçimlenme hızları belirlenmiştir. C. microphylla, C. monogyna, C. pontica ve C. pseudoheterophylla türlerindeçimlenme elde edilememiştir. Sadece C. monogyna subsp. azarella tohumlarında çimlenmeler gerçekleşmiştir.C. monogyna subsp. azarella tohumlarında en yüksek çimlenme yüzdesi (%17.5) 120 dakika H2SO4+ 90 günsoğuk katlama işlemi uygulanan tohumlarda sera koşullarında elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Crataegus spp., çimlenme engeli, sülfürik asit, soğuk katlama

EFFECTS OF COLD STRATIFICATION AND SULPHURIC ACID PRETREATMENTS ON GERMINATION OF HAWTHORN (Crataegus spp.) SEEDS

This study was carried out to determine methods to overcome seed dormancy in Crataegus spp. seeds. Coldstratification (20, 40, 60 and 90 days), 60-90 days cold stratification with submersion in sulphuric acid (H2SO4)for different durations (30, 75, 105, 120, 150 and 180 minutes) and autumn sowing after submersion in sulphuricacid for different durations pretreatments were applied to remove seed dormancy. The seeds were sown inpolyethylene pots in the greenhouse and on seedbeds under open field conditions. Statistical design was arandomized complete block design with three replications. Observations were conducted periodically for 90 daysafter sowing to determine germination percentage and germination rate. Seedling percentages were alsodetermined by counting the seedlings after a winter season. We could not achieve germination in Crataegusmicrophylla, C. monogyna, C. pontica and C. pseudoheterophylla seeds. Germination occurred only in C.monogyna subsp. azarella seeds. The highest germination percentage (17.5%) was determined in C. monogynasubsp. azarella seeds that were sown in the greenhouse after submersed in sulphuric acid for 120 minutes + coldstratified for 90 days.

Keywords:

Crataegus spp., seed dormancy, sulphuric acid, cold stratification,

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