Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli Firmaların Büyümesini Engelleyen Unsurlar: Karşılaştırmalı Türkiye Örneği

Bir çok çalışma firma büyümelerinin ölçek büyüklüğü ve yaş arttıkça monoton bir şekilde azaldığını göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'deki küçük ve orta öçekli işletmelerin (KOBİ) çalışan sayısındaki büyüme incelenmektedir. Türkiye'de bu gruptaki firmalar toplam istihdamın yüzde77'sini oluşturmakta ve ekonomide önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Türkiye'de firma büyümeleri ile ilgili çalışmalar KOBİ'lerin (51-250 arasında çalışana sahip olan) en yavaş büyüyen grup olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca Türkiye'de KOBİ'ler bazı emsal gelişen Avrupa ülkeleri ile karşılaştırıldığında daha yavaş büyümektedirler. Bu çalışmada, KOBİ'lerin diğer gruplardan daha yavaş büyüdüğü gösterilmekte ve yatırım ortamının firma büyümelerine nasıl etki ettiği incelenmektedir. Ayrıca firmaların finansa erişiminde yaşadıkları zorlukların büyümeye en önemli engel olduğu gösterilmektedir.

Obstacles to Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises: A Comparative Analysis of Turkey

Many studies have shown that firm growth decreases monotonically with size and age. This study investigates employment growth of firms in Turkey with an emphasis on small and medium size enterprises. During the analysis period, in Turkey, small and medium size enterprises accounted for almost 77 percent of employment. These firms play a crucial role in the economy. However, the analysis of firm dynamics in Turkey shows that medium-size firms (51-250 workers) are the slowest growing group in the economy. Moreover, small and medium size enterprises grow at a slower rate in Turkey than in several comparator countries in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia region. After showing this irregularity, the paper analyzes how the investment climate affects firm growth and finds that improved access to finance is the most important factor that significantly increases firm growth rates.

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