ORTODONTİDE HAVA YOLU ÖLÇÜM

Nazofaringeal ve orofaringeal hava yolu problemlerinin büyüme-gelişim döneminde çene-yüz bölgesindeki gelişimi olumsuz etkilediği bilinmektedir. Nazal konka hipertrofisi, adenoid hipertrofisi ve tonsiller hipertrofiler gibi nazal obstrüksiyonlar sonucu burun solunumunun engellendiği durumlarda ağız solunumunun devreye girmesiyle alt çenenin aşağı ve geriye rotasyonu ve dilin aşağıda konumlanması; dik yön gelişiminde artma, açık kapanış, yan çapraz kapanış, üst çenede darlık ve üst dişlerde ileri itim gibi kapanış bozukluklarını doğurabilmektedir. Hava yolunun değerlendirilmesi, solunum bozukluğu olan hastalar için önemli bir tanı aracı olmakta birlikte büyüme-gelişim dönemindeki hastalarda, kraniyofasiyal anomalinin tedavisi ve sonucunun stabilitesi için kritik öneme sahiptir. Ortodontik tedavinin ağız solunumu ile ilişkili olan malokluzyonlarının tanısı, klinik ve radyolojik hava yolu ölçümlerinin doğru bir şekilde incelenmesini gerektirmekte ve hava yolu ölçüm tekniklerinin kullanımı önemli bir konu haline gelmektedir. Bu derlemede bu hususlar hakkında güncel gelişmelerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Akustik rinometri, Rinomanometrik Ölçüm, Pletismografi, Akustik Farengometri, Bilgisayarlı tomografi, sefalometrik radyografi

AIRWAY MEASUREMENT IN ORTHODONTICS

It is known that nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal airway problems negatively affect the development of the maxillofacial region during the growth-development period. In cases where nasal breathing is blocked as a result of nasal obstructions such as nasal concha hypertrophy, adenoid hypertrophy, and tonsillar hypertrophies, the lower and back rotation of the lower jaw and the positioning of the tongue below; Increase in vertical direction development, open bite, lateral cross bite, stenosis in the upper jaw and bite disorders can be seen. The evaluation of the airway is an important diagnostic tool for patients with respiratory disorders, but it is critical for the treatment of craniofacial anomalies and the stability of its outcome in patients in the growth-developmental period. The diagnosis of malocclusions associated with mouth breathing in orthodontic treatment requires an accurate examination of clinical and radiological airway measurements, and the use of airway measurement techniques becomes an important issue. In this review, it is aimed to examine contemporary developments on these issues.

Keywords:

Acoustic rhinometry, Rhinomanometric Measurement, Plethysmography, Acoustic Pharyngometry, Computed tomography, cephalometric radiography,

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