Türkiye`deki İstilacı Hymenopterler

Turizm, gelişmiş ulaşım ve artan ticaret gibi insan faaliyetleri faunal elemanların dağılım alanları dışındaki habitatlara taşınmasına neden olmakta ve dolayısıyla yerli faunayı etkilemektedir. Bu faaliyetlerle taşınan organizmalar yerli olmayan, egzotik, istilacı veya tramp türler olarak adlandırılır. İstilacı türler, ekosistemi değiştirecek etkiye sahiptirler. Bu çalışmada İstilacı oldukları tespit edilen ve Türkiye`ye ait kayıt bildirilen Hymenopterlerden Sceliphron curvatum (Smith 1870), Tetramorium lanuginosum (Mayr 1870), Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille 1802), Anoplolepis gracilipes (F. Smith 1857), Linepithema humile (Mayr 1868), Nylanderia jaegerskioeldi (Mayr 1904), Nylanderia vividula (Nylander 1904), Cardiocondyla mauritanica (Forel 1890), Cardiocondyla emeryi (Forel, 1881), Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus 1758), Monomorium subopacum (F. Smith 1858), Pheidole indica (Mayr 1879), Pheidole teneriffana (Forel 1893), Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius 1793), Strumigenys membranifera (Emery 1869), Tetramorium bicarinatum (Nylander 1846), Hypoponera eduardi (Forel 1894), Hypoponera punctatissima (Roger 1859), Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758), Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius 1804), Lasius neglectus (Van Loon, Boomsma & Andrasfalvy, 1990), Camponotus variegatus (Smith, F., 1858), Camponotus compressus (Fabricius, 1787), Camponotus maculatus (Fabricius 1782), Vespula germanica (Fabricius, 1793), Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Yasumatsu 1951), türlerine ait yapılan bu derlemede, bu türlerin doğal yaşam alanlarına, dağılım bölgelerine, ekolojik etkilerine, Türkiye`deki kayıtlarına değinilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fauna, Ekoloji, İstila, Insecta, Hymenoptera

Invasive Hymenopters of Turkey

Abstract Human activities such as tourism, improved transportation and increased trade cause faunal elements to be transported to habitats outside their distribution areas and thus affect the native fauna. Organisms carried by these activities are called non-native, exotic, invasive or tramp species. Invasive species have the effect of changing the ecosystem. In this study, among the Hymenopters that were determined to be Invasive and registered in Turkey; Sceliphron curvatum (Smith 1870), Tetramorium lanuginosum (Mayr 1870), Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille 1802), Anoplolepis gracilipes (F. Smith 1857), Linepithema humile (Mayr 1868), Nylanderia jaegerskioeldi (Mayr 1904), Nylanderia vividula (Nylander 1904), Cardiocondyla mauritanica (Forel 1890), Cardiocondyla emeryi (Forel, 1881), Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus 1758), Monomorium subopacum (F. Smith 1858), Pheidole indica (Mayr 1879), Pheidole teneriffana (Forel 1893), Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius 1793), Strumigenys membranifera (Emery 1869), Tetramorium bicarinatum (Nylander 1846), Hypoponera eduardi (Forel 1894), Hypoponera punctatissima (Roger 1859), Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758), Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius 1804), Lasius neglectus (Van Loon, Boomsma & Andrasfalvy, 1990), Camponotus variegatus (Smith, F., 1858), Camponotus compressus (Fabricius, 1787), Camponotus maculatus (Fabricius 1782), Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Yasumatsu 1951), were examined. In this review, the natural habitats, distribution regions, ecological effects, and records of these species in Turkey were compiled.

Keywords:

fauna, ecology, ınvasive, Insecta, Hymenoptera,

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