Nesnelerin Kuyruk Yönetimi: Nesnelerin İnternetine Özel Kuyruk Yönetim Yaklaşımı

Birçok farklı alanda Nesnelerin İnterneti (IoT) kullanımının giderek yaygınlaşmasına rağmen, günümüzde hala cihazların düşük işlemyetenekleri ve maliyet endişeleri sebebiyle ağ topolojisi ve kapasitesiyle ilgili büyük problemler bulunmaktadır. Farklı öncelikseviyelerine sahip çok fazla veri trafiği oluşturan düşük işlem yetenekli sensörlerin ağ topolojisi içerisinde sayısı artırılırken genelde ağın kısıtları IoT’de göz ardı edilmektedir. Bu makalede, kuyrukları yönetebilmek ve ağdaki olası tıkanmaları engellemek için bu ağnoktalarına oyun teorisi yaklaşımlı bir aktif kuyruk yönetimi yaklaşımı önerilmiştir. AQM-of-Things (AQMoT) adı verilen buyaklaşımda, ağ düğümlerine az miktarda ama etkili bir zeka kazandırılması önerilmektedir. Genişletilmiş bir oyun modeli formülizeedilerek hem IoT cihazlarının ne zaman veri göndereceklerine dair, hem de haberleşme ünitelerinin ne zaman verileri düşüreceklerinedair karar verme mekanizmaları belirlenmiştir. Oyun modelinde kuyruk uzunluğu ve diğer ağ durumları dikkate alan bir yöntemgeliştirilmiştir. Bu şekilde, diğer algoritmaların aksine haberleşme ünitelerinin durumunu hafif ve oyun teorisini baz alarak gözeten yenilikçi ve tıkanıklıktan kaçınan bir yaklaşımı öne sürüyoruz. Ayrıca AQMoT yaklaşımı alternatif kuyruk yönetim yaklaşımları ilekavramsal olarak karşılaştırılmış ve özellikle IoT alanında önemli avantajları olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

AQM-of-Things: Special Queue Management Approach for Internetof Things

Although Internet of Things (IoT) networks are massively deployed in many different areas, there are significant problems regardingthe network topology and capacity, due to low smartness level of IoT devices and cost matters. Congestion and queue management especially in an IoT network buffer is one of the most important subjects that need to be considered. In this paper, we propose a novelgame-theoretical approach to manage the queue and avoid possible congestion, by adding a little intelligence to dumb nodes with alightweight method called AQM-of-Things (AQMoT). Extensive-form game formulation is used for defining decision making criteriaof both IoT nodes (when to send) and gateways (when to drop). We describe a game model according to the queue level as well as othernetwork conditions. Thus, a novel congestion avoidance method is proposed, where senders care about the gateway’s current situtationwith a very lightweight game theoretical algorithm. We also demonstrate a conceptual comparison with alternative queue managementapproaches, and conclude that the proposed AQMoT approach has important advantages especially in IoT domain.

PDF

___

Ataç, C., and Akleylek, S. (2019). A survey on security threats and solutions in the age of IoT. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, No. 15, (pp. 36–42).
Naik, N. (2017). Choice of effective messaging protocols for IoT systems: MQTT, CoAP, AMQP and HTTP. 2017 IEEE international systems engineering symposium (ISSE), IEEE, (pp. 1–7).
Baker, F., and Fairhurst, G (2015). IETF Recommendations Regarding Active Queue Management. RFC 7567. https://doi.org/10.17487/RFC7567, URL https://rfceditor.org/rfc/rfc7567.txt.
Toğay, C., Mutlu, G., Kurtuluş, D., and Özgür, F.(2019). Secure Gateway for the Internet of Things. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, No. 16, (pp. 414–426).
Gomez C., J. C. (2019). TCP Usage Guidance in the Internet of Things (IoT). IETF.
Floyd, S., and Jacobson, V. (1993). Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance. IEEE/ACM Transactions on networking, Vol. 1, No. 4, (pp. 397–413).
Freed, M., and Amara, S. K. (2006). Policy-based weighted random early detection method for avoiding congestion in internet traffic. US Patent 6,996,062.
Feng, W.-C., Kandlur, D. D., Saha, D., and Shin, K. G. (1999) .A self-configuring RED gateway. IEEE INFOCOM’99. Conference on Computer Communications. Proceedings.
Eighteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. The Future is Now (Cat. No. 99CH36320), Vol. 3, IEEE, (pp. 1320–1328).
Hassan, M., and Jain, R. (2003). High performance TCP/IP networking, Vol. 29, Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ
Feng, W.-c., Kapadia, A., and Thulasidasan, S. (2002) GREEN: proactive queue management over a best-effort network. Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002.
GLOBECOM’02. IEEE, Vol. 2, IEEE, 2002, (pp. 1774–1778).
Pan, R., Natarajan, P., Piglione, C., Prabhu, M. S., Subramanian, V., Baker, F., and VerSteeg, B. (2013). PIE: A lightweight control scheme to address the bufferbloat problem. 2013 IEEE 14th International Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing (HPSR), IEEE, (pp. 148–155).
Grazia, C. A., Patriciello, N., Klapez, M., and Casoni, M. (2017). Which AQM fits IoT better?. 2017 IEEE 3rd International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry (RTSI), IEEE, (pp. 1–6).
Aumann, R. J. (1985) .What is game theory trying to accomplish?. Frontiers of Economics, edited by K. Arrow and S. Honkapohja.
Kuhn, H. (2016). Extensive games and the problem op information. In H. Kuhn and A. Tucker, editors, Contributions to the Theory of Games, (pp. 193–216).
Hu, S., Sun, J., Xu, Q., & Kong, J. (2020). A Fairness-driven Active Queue Management Algorithm with Hash Table and Circular Buffer. In 2020 Chinese Control And Decision Conference (CCDC) (pp. 2502-2506). IEEE.
Verma, L. P., & Kumar, M. (2020). An IoT based Congestion Control Algorithm. Internet of Things, 9, 100157
Pan, R., Prabhakar, B., & Psounis, K. (2000, March). CHOKe-a stateless active queue management scheme for approximating fair bandwidth allocation. In Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2000. Conference on Computer Communications. Nineteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (Cat. No. 00CH37064) (Vol. 2, pp. 942-951). IEEE.
Eshete, A. T., & Jiang, Y. (2013). On the transient behavior of CHOKe. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 22(3), 875-888.
Lu, L., Du, H., & Liu, R. P. (2013). CHOKeR: A novel AQM algorithm with proportional bandwidth allocation and TCP protection. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 10(1), 637-644.
Abbas, G., Manzoor, S., & Hussain, M. (2018). A stateless fairness-driven active queue management scheme for efficient and fair bandwidth allocation in congested Internet routers. Telecommunication Systems, 67(1), 3-20.
Hu, S., Sun, J., Liu, Z., & Xu, Q. (2018). A PI Queueing Delay Controller Enhanced by Adaptive CHOKe for AQM. IEEE Access, 6, 57219-57229.