Rıfat YILDIRIM, Kamil EKİNCİ, Barbaros S. KUMBUL, Cenk SOYÖZ, Şerafettin YAZICI, Hilal RÜZGAR

Nar Kabuklarının Döner Tambur Kompostlama SistemindeBiyoaktivatör İle Kompostlanması

Bu çalışma, nar meyvesinin işlenmesi sonrası atık olarak çıkan nar kabuklarının, biyoaktivatör ilavesiyle kompostlaştırma sürecinin,kompostlaşma parametreleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacı ile yürütülmüştür. Kompostlaştırma işlemi için 0.38 $m^3$ hacimli egzozgazı geri dönüşümlü ve otomatik kontrollü döner tambur kompostlaştırma sistemi kullanılmıştır. Denemeler süresince; sıcaklık, $CO_2$ konsantrasyonu, kompost materyali nem içeriği, organik madde miktarı, pH düzeyi, elektriksel iletkenlik değeri, toplam azot ve karbondeğişimleri ölçülmüştür. Deneyler toplam 43 gün sürerken, kompostlaşma aşaması 12, olgunlaşma aşaması ise 31 gün sürmüştür.Biyoaktivatör ilaveli reaktörde 55 °C sıcaklığa altıncı günde ulaşıldığı ve bu sıcaklığın yaklaşık 0.25 gün (6 saat) korunabildiği tespitedilmiştir. Biyoaktivatör ilavesiz reaktör içerisinde maksimum 60 °C sıcaklığa ulaşılmış, bu sıcaklığın yaklaşık 1.5 gün korunduğu,55°C’nin üzerindeki sıcaklığın ise sadece 2 gün sürdüğü gözlenmiştir. Organik madde kayıplarının, biyoaktivatör ilaveli ve ilavesizreaktörlerde, kompostlaşma süreci ve olgunlaşma süreci sonunda sırasıyla; %59.24-%14.63 ve %64.32-%2.04 olduğu belirlenmiştir.Sonuç olarak, kompostlaşma işleminde biyoaktivatör kullanımının kompostlama performans parametreleri üzerinde bir fark yaratmadığıvurgulanabilir. Bunun yanında, kompost olgunlaşma başlangıcında yapılacak biyoaktivatör ilavesiyle kompostun daha hızlı bir şekildeolgunlaşabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Composting of Pomegranate Peels with Bioactivator in Rotary Drum Composting System

This study was carried out to determine the effect of composting of pomegranate peels left after processing pomegranate fruit withbioactivator. In the study, 0.38 $m^3$ -automatic controlled rotary drum composting system with exhaust gas recycling was used in thecomposting process. During the experiment, temperature, $CO_2$ concentration, compost moisture, organic matter, pH, electricalconductivity, total nitrogen and carbon changes were measured. The experiments took 43 days, the composting stage was 12 days, andthe maturation stage was 31 days. Results showed that the reactor with bioactivator reached the temperature of 55 °C on the $6^{th}$ day andmaintained this temperature for about 0.25 days (6 hours). The reactor without bioactivator reached a temperature of 60 °C, but it wasable to maintain this temperature for about 1.5 days and the temperature above 55 ° C was only able to maintain for 2 days. Organicmatter losses were determined as 59.24% and 14.63% in the reactor with bioactivator, 64.32% and 2.04% in the reactor withoutbioactivator, respectively, at the end of the composting process and maturation process. In conclusion, when the use of bioactivators incomposting process is evaluated in terms of composting performance parameters (compost temperature, $CO_2$ concentration, moisture,organic matter, pH, electrical conductivity, C/N ratio), it can be said that the bioactivator does not make a difference. In addition, it canbe said that the addition of bioactivators can be made at the beginning of compost maturation to help the compost mature faster.

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