Hilal KARAGÜL, Mert PEKCAN, Efe KURTDEDE

Florun Serbest Radikaller, Reaktif Oksijen Türleri ve Oksidatif Stres ile İlişkileri

Flor halojen ailesinin bir üyesi olup elektronegatifliği yüksek bir elementtir. Florun organizmaya ve hücre içerisine girişiylesüper oksit üretimi artar. Bunun sonucunda ortaya çıkan hidrojen peroksit, peroksinitrit ve hidroksil radikalleri florun reaktifoksijen türleri (ROS) ile ilişkisinde belirleyici rol oynar. ROS’daki artış lipid, protein ve DNA moleküllerinde yıkımlanmaya sebepolur. Florid İle temas sonucunda vücutta stres cevabı faktörlerinde, sinyal transdüksiyon bileşiklerinde, ve apopitozisle ilişkiliproteinleri kodlayan gen ekspresyon düzeylerinde artış ortaya çıkar. Florun hücresel düzeydeki bu etkilerinindeğerlendirilmesi, Türkiye’de var olan florozis sorununa yeni çözüm önerilebilmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir.Ülkemizde, bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalarda Muğla, Eskişehir, Kırşehir, Çorum, Ankara, Konya, Hatay, Van ve Ağrı illerindesu, toprak, bitki, koyun idrarı, diş ve kemik örneklerinde flor düzeyleri belirlenmiş ve flor zehirlenmesi hakkındadeğerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda flor'un canlı organizmadaki etkisine hücresel düzeyde değinilerek flor'un serbestradikaller, ROS ve oksidatif stres oluşumuna etkisi değerlendirilmiştir.

Free Radicals, Reactive Oxygen Species and Relationship with Oxidative Stress

Fluorine is a highly reactive chemical element and a member of halogen family. Fluorides entry into the organism and cells that increases the production of superoxide. Superoxide generates hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite, and hydroxyl radicals, and plays a decisive role at the relationship between fluorine and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The increase in ROS causes oxidative damage in lipid, protein, and DNA molecules. As a result of contact with fluoride, an increase in gene expression levels encoding stress related response factors in the body, signal transduction compounds, and apoptosis related proteins occurs. Assessment of these effects at the cellular level of fluor is important in terms of suggesting a new solution to the problem of fluorosis in Turkey. Fluoride levels were determined in water, soil, plant and sheep urine, tooth, bone samples in the areas of Ağrı, Van, Muğla, Eskişehir, Kırşehir, Çorum, Ankara, Hatay in Turkey. Results were evaluated to find out fluor toxicosis. In this review, the effect of fluoride in the living organism is addressed at cellular level, and the effect of fluoride on free radicals, ROS and oxidative stress formation is discussed.

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