Hasan ERDOĞAN, Serdar PAŞA, Sedat TURGUT, Yasin PARLATIR

Sağlıklı Koyunlarda Fluniksin Meglumin ve Meloksikam Uygulamasının Koagulasyon Profili Üzerine Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Bu çalışmada, sağlıklı koyunlarda fluniksin meglumine ve meloksikam uygulamasının koagulasyon profili üzerineetkilerinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Fiziksel muayene bulgularıyla birlikte hemogram ve biyokimyasal verileri fizyolojik sınırlariçerisinde olan hayvanlar çalışma kapsamına alınıp gruplar içerisine rastgele dağıtıldı. Bu çalışmada, sağlıklı koyunlar Grup 1(n=7) ve Grup 2 (n=7) olmak üzere iki guruba ayrıldı. Grup 1’ deki koyunlara fluniksin meglumin 2.2 mg/kg/gün dozundaintramusküler, Grup 2’ deki hayvanlara da meloksikam 0.5 mg/kg/gün dozunda subkutan olarak ilk 3 gün boyunca uygulandı.Her iki gruptaki hayvanların koagulasyon profillerinin [protrombin zamanı (PT), aktive edilmiş tromboplastin zamanı (APTT),fibrinojen (FIB) konsantrasyonu] ve trombosit (PLT) sayımının belirlenebilmesi için vena jugularis’den 0. saat, 3. saat, 6. saat,12. saat, 24. saat, 2. gün, 3. gün, 6. gün, 12. gün ve 24. günde kan örnekleri sodyum sitratlı ve etilendiamin tetraasetikasit(EDTA)’ lı tüplere 2’ şer ml alındı. Non-steroid antienflamatuar ilaçlardan fluniksin meglumin ve meloksikam ile tedavi edilenkoyunlarda zamana bağlı olarak FIB ve PLT konsantrasyonlarında azalma, PT seviyelerinde ise uzamanın olduğu ve budeğişikliklerin istatistiksel açıdan önemli olduğu belirlendi. Gruplar arasında hemostatik değişiklikler açısından istatistikselolarak belirgin bir farkın olmadığı belirlendi. Sonuç olarak NSAİİ’ lerden fluniksin meglumin ve meloksikam ile tedavi edilenkoyunlarda konvansiyonel rutin hemostatik değişikliklerden FIB, PLT, PT, düzeylerinin dikkatle takibi alınması kanısına varıldı.

Investigation of the Effects of Flunixine Meglumine and Meloxycam Administration on Coagulation Profiles in Healthy Sheep

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of flunixin meglumine and meloxicam application on coagulation profile in healthy sheep. Animals with physical examination findings and hemogram and biochemical data within physiological limits were included in the study and randomly distributed among the groups. Healthy sheep were divided into two groups, Group 1 (n=7) and Group 2 (n=7). In this study, groups 1 and 2 were given intramuscular injections of flunixin meglumin at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg/day and subcutaneous injections of 0.5 mg/kg/day of meloxicam for the first 3 days. 0 hours, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours from vena jugularis to determine the platelet count [prothrombin time (PT), activated thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB) concentration] and platelet (PLT) count of coagulation profiles of animals in both groups on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 6, day 12 and day 24 blood samples were taken with sodium citrate and 2 μl of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). NSAIDs were found to have a significant decreases in FIB concentrations and PLT counts, prolonged PT levels in sheep treated with flunixine and meloxicam. There was no statistically significant difference in hemostatic changes between the groups. In conclusion, it was concluded from the NSAIDs that flunixin meglumin and meloxicam treated sheep were carefully followed by conventional routine hemostatic changes of PLT, PT, FIB levels.

PDF

___

1. Monteiro‐Steagall BP., Steagall PVM., Lascelles BDX., 2013. Systematic review of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐induced adverse effects in dogs. J Vet Int Med 27, 1011-1019.
2. Kumar R., 2015. Comparative evaluation of tolfenamic acid, Flunixin-meglumine and butorphanol in pain management in canine orthopaedic cases. Doctoral dissertation, LUVAS. Curry SL.,
3. Nandakishore R., Yalavarthi R., Kiran RP., Rajapranathi M., 2014. Selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors: current status. Curr Drug Discov Techno, 11, 127-132.
4. KuKanich B., Bidgood T., Knesl O., 2012. Clinical pharmacology of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg, 39, 69-90.
5. Brainard BM., Meredith CP., Callan MB., Budsberg SC., Shofer FS., Driessen B., Otto CM., 2007. Changes in platelet function, hemostasis, and prostaglandin expression after treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with various cyclooxygenase selectivities in dogs. Am J Vet Res, 68, 251-257.
6. Luna SP., Basilio AC., Steagall PV., Machado LP., Moutinho FQ., Takahira RK., Brandao CV., 2007. Evaluation of adverse effects of long-term oral administration of carprofen, etodolac, flunixin meglumine, ketoprofen, and meloxicam in dogs. Am J Vet Res, 68, 258-264.
7. Mathews K., Kronen PW., Lascelles D., Nolan A., Robertson S., Steagall PV., Yamashita K., 2014. Guidelines for recognition, assessment and treatment of pain. J Small Anim Pract, 55, 10-68.
8. Kaya S., 2006. Narkotik Olmayan Ağrı Kesiciler. S. Kaya Eds. In: Veteriner Farmakoloji. 4. Baskı., 295- 320. Ankara: Medisan Yayınevi, Ankara.
9. Coetzee JF., 2013. A review of analgesic compounds used in food animals in the United States. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 29, 11-28.
10. Blois SL., Allen DG., Wood RD., Conlon PD., 2010. Effects of aspirin, carprofen, deracoxib, and meloxicam on platelet function and systemic prostaglandin concentrations in healthy dogs. Am J Vet Res, 71, 349-358.
11. Attili AR., Preziuso S., Ngwa VN., Cantalamessa A., Moriconi M., Cuteri V., 2016. Clinical evaluation of the use of enrofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus clinical mastitis in sheep. Small Rum Res, 136, 72-77.
12. Zamir S., Rozov A., Gootwine E., 2009. Treatment of pregnancy toxaemia in sheep with flunixin meglumine. Vet Rec, 29, 165, 265-266.
13. Gentry PA., 2004. Comparative aspects of blood coagulation. Vet J, 168, 238-251.
14. Zanuzzo FS., Teixeira‐Neto FJ., Thomazini CM., Takahira RK., Conner B., Diniz MS., 2015. Effects of dipyrone, meloxicam, or the combination on hemostasis in conscious dogs. J Vet Emerg Crit Care, 25, 512-520.
15. Bulla C., Kiomi TR., Pessoa JR., Aparecida TL., Souza LR., Wiedmeyer CE., 2004. The relationship between the degree of thrombocytopenia and infection with Ehrlichia canis in an endemic area. Vet Res, 35, 141-146.
16. Luba M., Gusarski I., 2005. Thrombocytopenia as a complication of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment. Przegl Lek, 62, 1556-1557.
17. Herring J., McMichael M., 2012. Diagnostic approach to small animal bleeding disorders. Top Companion Anim Med, 27, 73-80.
18. Zimmerman KL., 2000. Drug-induced thrombocytopenias. In: BF Feldman, JG Zinkl, NC Jain, eds. Schalm’s veterinary hematology. 5th ed., 472–477., The Williams & Wilkins Company, Philadelphia.
19. Brooks M., Catalfamo J., 2005. Platelet disorders and von Willebrand disease. In: SJ Ettinger, EC Feldman, eds. Textbook of veterinary internal medicine. 6th ed., 1918-1929, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
20. Schafer AI., 1995. Effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on platelet function and systemic hemostasis. J Clin Pharmacol, 35, 209- 219.
21. Foley S., 2014. A comprehensive study of ovine haemostasis to assess suitability to model human coagulation. Thromb Res, 134, 468-473.
22. Wilhelmi MH., Tiede A., Teebken OE., Bisdas T., Haverich A., & Mischke R., 2012. Ovine blood: establishment of a list of reference values relevant for blood coagulation in sheep. ASAIO Journal. 58, 79-82.
23. Gajewski J., Povar ML., 1971. Blood coagulation values of sheep. Am J Vet Res, 32, 405-409.
24. Tligui N., Ruth GR. 1994. Ferula communis variety brevifolia intoxication of sheep. Am J Vet Res, 55, 1558-1563.
25. Osbaldiston GW., Hoffman MW., 1971. Blood coagulation valves in normal sheep and in two mutant strains with hyperbilirubinemia. Can J Comp Med 35, 150-154.
26. Webb JA., Allen DG., Abrams-Ogg AC., Gentry PA., 2006. Effects of doxycycline, amoxicillin, cephalexin, and enrofloxacin on hemostasis in healthy dogs. Am J Vet Res, 67, 569-576.
27. Everse SJ., Spraggon G., Veerapandian L., Riley M., Doolittle RF., 1998. Crystal structure of fragment double-D from human fibrin with two different bound ligands. Biochem, 37, 8637-8642.
28. Hajsadeghi S., Kerman SR., Khojandi M., Vaferi H., Ramezani R., Jourshari NM., Mousavi SA., Pouraliakbar H., 2012. Accuracy of D-dimer: fibrinogen ratio to diagnose pulmonary thromboembolism in patients admitted to intensive care units. Cardiovasc J Afr, 23, 446-456.