GENİŞLETİLMİŞ ÇEVRESEL KUZNETS EĞRİSİNİN TÜRKİYE İÇİN YENİDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ*

Bu çalışma, gelir ve CO 2 emisyon miktarı arasındaki kısa ve uzun dönemliilişkinin varlığını, ekonomik gelişme ile çevresel bozulma arasında ters U şeklindebir ilişki olduğunu iddia eden genişletilmiş Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (EKC) hipotezikapsamında ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. İlave olarak enerji tüketiminin,finansal gelişmenin ve sanayi sektörün payının CO 2 emisyonuna etkisi de ayrıcaincelenmiştir. Türkiye ekonomisinin 1960-2016 dönemi yıllık verilerininkullanıldığı çalışmada, regresyon modeli gecikmesi dağıtılmış otoregresif sınır testi(ARDL) ve hata düzeltme modeli (ECM) yöntemleri ile tahmin edilmiştir. SonuçlarTürkiye’de hem kısa hem de uzun dönemde; enerji tüketiminin, finansal gelişmeninve sanayi sektörünün CO 2 emisyonunu artırdığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, EKChipotezinin her iki dönemde de geçerli olduğu, diğer bir ifadeyle kişi başına düşenCO 2 emisyon miktarı gelir düzeyi bir noktaya kadar yükselirken yükseldiği, bir eşikdeğerden sonra ise gelir artışına rağmen azalışa geçtiği anlaşılmıştır.

A REASSESSMENT OF THE EXTENDED ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE FOR TURKEY

The study aims to detect long-run and short-run relationship between CO 2 emissions and income in the context of the expanded version of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis which shows the existence of an Inverted U-shape relationship between environmental degradation and economic development. Moreover, effects of the energy consumption, financial development and industrial share on CO 2 emissions were examined as well. The study covers the period of 1960-2016,used annualy data of Turkey, and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test and Error Correction Model were applied to estimate regression model. The results show that energy consumption, financial development and industrial share increase environmental degradation in tha case of Turkey both short-run and long-run. In addition, The EKC hypothesis is valid in two run, it implies that per capita CO 2 increase with an increase in per capita income to threshold value (turn point), although income contiune to upward, per capita CO 2 goes down.

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