Şaban KORDALI, Memiş KESDEK, Ümran AKKAN, Ayşe USANMAZ BOZHÜYÜK

Bazı bitki uçucu yağlarının Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) ve Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae ve Curculionidae) erginleri üzerindeki insektisidal aktiviteleri

Bu çalışmada, Clevenger düzeneği kullanılarak, hidrodistilasyon yöntemiyle elde edilen Cuminum cyminum L., Mentha longifolia L. ve Allivum sativum L. uçucu yağlarının ekin kambur biti, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) ve buğday biti, Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae ve Curculionidae) erginlerine karşı insektisidal aktiviteleri araştırılmıştır. Testler 25±1°C sıcaklık, 65±5 orantılı nem ve 16:8 (aydınlık:karanlık) şartlarda ve 5, 10, 15, 20 μL/petri dozlarında yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, bu uçucu yağların uygulamadan 96 saat sonra farklı oranlarda (%1.25 ile %100 arasında) insektisidal etkiye sahip olduklarını göstermiştir. Test edilen uçucu yağlardan A. sativum’un yağının R. dominica ve S. granarius erginlerine karşı en yüksek oranlarda etki gösterdiği, bununla birlikte C. cyminum ve M. longifolia uçucu yağlarının ise bu iki zararlıya karşı en düşük etki gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, bu uçucu yağların, R. dominica ve S. granarius erginlerine karşı LC50 ve LC90 değerleri de kaydedilmiştir. LC50 ve LC90 değerlerine göre, R. dominica (0.698 μL/böcek, LC50 ve 4.694, LC90) ve S. granarius (0.131 μL/böcek, LC50 ve 2.452 LC90) erginlerine karşı, M. longifolia ve C. cyminum uçucu yağlarının daha etkili oldukları kaydedilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, test edilen üç bitki uçucu yağlarının dozların artışına bağlı olarak ölümlerin de arttığını göstermiştir. Daha da önemlisi, bütün bu sonuçlar dikkate alındığında bu uçucu yağların depolanmış tahıl ürünlerinde zararlı R. dominica ve S. granarius erginlerine karşı doğal ve çevre dostu biyopraperat olarak kullanılabileceği görülmektedir.

Insecticidal activities of some plant essential oils on Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae and Curculionidae) adults

In this study, the insecticidal activities of the essential oils extracted from Cuminum cyminum L., Mentha longifolia L. and Allivum sativum L. by hydrodistillation method using the Clevenger apparatus were investigated against Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae) and Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) adults. The tests were carried out under 25±1°C temperature, 65±5 proportional humidity and 16:8 (light:dark) conditions and doses of 5, 10, 15, 20 μL/petri. The results of the tested essential oils showed that they had insecticidal effect at different rates (between 1.25% and 100%) 96 hours after exposure. Among the essential oils tested, it was determined that the oil of A. sativum showed the highest effect against R. dominica and S. granarius adults, while the essential oils of C. cyminum and M. longifolia showed the lowest effect against each two pests. Additionally, LC50 and LC90 values of these oils against R. dominica and S. granarius adults were seperately recorded. According to LC50 and LC90 values, it was reported that M. longifolia and C. cyminum essential oils were more effective against adults of R. dominica (0.698 μL/insect, LC50 and 4.694, LC90) and S. granarius (0.131 μL/ insect, LC50 and 2.452 LC90), respectively. These datas showed that the mortalities increased depending on the increase in the doses of the tested three plant essential oils. Most importantly, considering all these results, it is seen that these essential oils can be used as a natural and environmentally friendly biopreparate against harmful R. dominica and S. granarius adults in stored grain crops.

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