COVID-19 ÖNCESİ VE SONRASI TÜRKİYE'DE KENTSEL İŞİTSEL PEYZAJ DEĞİŞİMLERİ: ESKİŞEHİR, BİR ANADOLU KENTİ

Türkiye'de alınan Covid-19 önlemleri doğrultusunda günlük hayatta bazı değişiklikler olmuş ve bu değişiklikler akustik ortamı özellikle baskın ses türü ve ses seviyesi açısından etkilemiştir. Devlet tarafından alınan önlemler sonucunda günlük hayatta meydana gelen değişikliklerin ses ortam üzerindeki etkilerini ses düzeyi, ses türleri ve işitsel peyzaj bileşenleri aracılığıyla incelemek amacıyla yapılan çalışmada örnek şehir olan Eskişehir'in şehir merkezindeki ticari-rekreasyon alanları ile tarihi-turistik alanlardaki akustik ortamda Covid-19 öncesi ve sonrasında meydana gelen değişimler incelenmiş ve karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Covid-19 öncesi LO-FI akustik ortamda var olan ancak maskelenen sesler (özellikle doğal sesler), pandemi sonrası düşen ses seviyesi (5 ila 10 dBA) ile oluşan HI-FI akustik ortamında duyulabilir hale gelmiş ve bu sesler ön plan sesleri ve sembol sesler arasında yerini almıştır. Kentsel alanları tanımlayan sembol sesler pandemi öncesinde işleve göre alan kullanımından kaynaklanan seslerden oluşurken, pandemi boyunca doğal seslere dönüşmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Covid-19, kentsel işitsel peyzaj, Eskişehir, Türkiye

URBAN SOUNDSCAPE CHANGES IN TURKEY BEFORE AND AFTER COVID-19: ESKİŞEHİR, AN ANATOLIAN CITY

In line with the Covid-19 measures taken in Turkey, there have been some changes in daily life and these changes affected the acoustic environment particularly in terms of dominant sound type and sound level. In the study conducted to examine the effects of changes in daily life as a result of the measures taken by the state on the sound environment, through sound level, sound types and soundscape components, the changes in the acoustic environment in commercial-recreational areas, as well as historical-touristic areas at the city center of the sample city Eskişehir, Turkey before and after Covid-19, were reviewed and evaluated by comparison. Before Covid-19, the sounds that existed but masked in the LO-FI acoustic environment (especially the natural sounds) became audible in the HI-FI acoustic environment created with the lowered sound level after pandemic (5 to 10 dBA), and they took their place among the keynotes and soundmarks. While the soundmarks that define urban areas consisted of the sounds arising from the area usage by function before the pandemic, they turned into natural sounds throughout the pandemic.

Keywords:

Covid-19, urban soundscape, Eskişehir, Turkey,

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