Sporcularda Zorbalığa Maruz Kalmanın Psikolojik Sonuçları
Zorbalığın (bullying) akademik, sosyal ve psikolojik problemleri içeren, çok sayıda olumsuz sonuçları olduğu belgelenmiştir. Zorbalık, diğer pek çok alanda olduğu gibi spor alanında da kendini gösteren, yaygın bir sorundur. Spor çevrelerinde zorbalığın tüm türlerinin olabildiği belirtilmektedir. Sporun rekabetçi doğası, farkında olmadan zorbalık olaylarını destekleyici ortam oluşturabilir. Bu konuda yapılmış çeşitli çalışmalarla zorbalık nedeniyle mağduriyetin fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlık problemlerine yol açması yanında, madde kullanımı ve suç işleme davranışı gibi birçok olumsuz sonuçla da ilişkisi gösterilmiştir. Bu yazıda öncelikle zorbalık ve mobbing (yıldırma) kavramları arasındaki farklılıkları açıklanmış ardından sporcular arasında zorbalığa maruz kalmalarının psikolojik sonuçları üzerinde durulmuştur.
Psychological Outcomes of Bullying among Athletes
Bullying may lead to multiple consequences including academic, social and psychological problems. Bullying, like with in many other branches, has been a major problem in sports. Every form of bullying is described in sports. The competitive nature of sports might unconsciously support bullying. The studies showed that victimization caused by bullying may lead to psychological and physical medical problems as well as unplesant results such as drug abuse and predisposition to crime. In this review we explained the differences between the terms bullying and mobbing and then tried to draw attention to psychological consequences of being exposed to bullying among athletes.
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