Aynur SARUHAN, Şeyma KİLCİ, Özlem BOZKURT DEMİREL

Bir Kadın Hakkı İhlali: Obstetrik Şiddet

Obstetrik şiddet, kadına karşı insan haklarını ihlal eden özel bir şiddet biçimidir. Gebelik, doğum ve doğum sonrasıdönemde görülebilen hem anne hem de bebek sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkileyen önemli bir sorundur. Obstetrik şiddet,sağlık hizmetlerinde bakım sırasında gebelik, doğum ve doğum sonrası dönemde kadına fiziksel ve/veya psikolojikzarar veren eylem, ihmal ve saygısız muamelelerden oluşmaktadır. Dünyadaki birçok ülkeyi etkileyen obstetrik şiddet,kadınları kaliteli bakımdan uzaklaştırmakta, fiziksel ve zihinsel sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Hizmetsunumunda karşılaşılan obstetrik şiddet unsurları; üreme haklarının ihlali, azarlama, alay, ironi, hakaret, tehdit,aşağılama, bilginin manipülasyonu, zamanında etkili ve acil tıbbi bakımın verilmemesi/geciktirilmesi, isteklere kayıtsızlıkveya şikâyetler, doğum eyleminin aşamalarında verilen kararlarda kadının bilgilendirilmemesi, kadınların onurlarınasaygı gösterilmemesi, kadınların rızasını almadan uygulanan ağrı yönetimi, anne-bebek temasını geciktirmek,emzirmenin engellenmesi gibi kasıtlı olarak zarar veren eylemlerdir. Obstetrik şiddetin olmaması/azaltılması için sağlıkprofesyonellerinin kaliteli ve saygılı bir şekilde hizmet sağlamaları gerekmektedir. Annelik bakım kültürünü değiştirmekiçin umut verici yaklaşımlar sunan ve doğum sırasında kötü muameleden zarar gören kadınlar için sağlık bakımsistemlerinde yasal değişiklikler yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu derlemede, literatür doğrultusunda ülkemiz yasalarındahenüz yer almayan “obstetrik şiddet” kavramına dikkat çekmek ve sağlık çalışanlarının kadınların yaşadığı obstetrikşiddete yönelik farkındalığının arttırılması amaçlanmıştır.

A Violation of Women’s Rights: Obstetric Violence

Obstetric violence is a type of violation of women’s human rights. It is an important problem encountered during pregnancy, delivery and the postpartum period. It negatively affects both the health of mothers and babies. Obstetric violence includes actions, neglect and disrespectful treatment in the healthcare services that physically and/or psychologically harm women during pregnancy, delivery and the postpartum period. Obstetric violence negatively affects the physical and psychological health of women in many countries around the world and detracts from quality healthcare. The elements of obstetric violence encountered during service delivery are harmful acts that include violation of reproductive rights, scolding, mocking, sarcasm, insults, threats, humiliation, manipulation of knowledge, not providing effective medical care in time or delaying care, neglecting requests or complaints, not informing women about decisions made during delivery, not respecting the dignity of women, pain management used as punishment or violence to get women’s approval, delaying mothers’ time with babies and hindering breastfeeding. Healthcare professionals should provide high quality and respectful services to prevent and eliminate obstetric violence. Legal amendments that presents promising approaches towards mother care culture should be performed in healthcare systems for women not to be harmed due to mistreatment during delivery. This compilation study aimed to draw attention to the term, obstetric violence, which is not included in Turkey’s related laws, and to raise healthcare personnel’s awareness about it.

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