Adli Tıpta DNA Tipleme Teknolojilerinin Uygulanması

Nükleer DNA markırları suç araştırmaları ve babalık testlerinde sıkça kullanılmaktadır. Babalık testinin yorumlaması Kısa Bitişik Tekrarların (Short Tandem Repeats) gerçek Mendeliyan düzeninde kalıtıldığı ve allelik değişkenlerin eş baskın doğasını tanımladığı gerçeğine dayanır. DNA mikrosatelitleri ya da kısa bitişik tekrarlar genom boyunca rastgele dağılmış ikili, üçlü, ya da dörtlü nukleotid ünitelerinin birbiri ardısıra tekrarlayan kısa serileridir. Bunlar kalıtılmış hastalaıkların tanısından DNA parmak izi tespiti ve babalık testi gibi adli tıp uygulamalarına kadar geniş bir uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Babalık testi uygulamalarındaki başarı kısa bitişik tekrarların yüksek oranda polimorfik olmakla birlikte aynı zamanda yeterince istikrarlı olup bir nesilden diğerine değişmeden kalıtılmasına bağlıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Babalık, adli tıp, kısa bitişik tekrarlar.

Application of DNA Typing Technologies in Forensic Medicine

Nuclear DNA markers are widely used for crime investigation and paternity testing. Parentage testing interpretation relies on the fact that Short Tandem Repeats are inherited in a true Mendelian fashion and express a codominant nature of allelic variants. DNA microsatellites or Short Tandem Repeats are short, tandemly repeated sequences of a bi-, tri- or tetranucleotide unit with a random distribution throughout the genome. They have been used extensively in applications as diverse as diagnosis of inherited diseases and forensic medicine for DNA fingerprinting and parentage testing. The success of this last application is due to the fact that Short Tandem Repeats are highly polymorphic and, at the same time, they are sufficiently stable to be inherited unaltered from one generation to the next.

Keywords:

Paternity, forensic medicine, short tandem repeats,

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