Mehmet DOĞAN, İlhan KAYAN, Aylin KARADAŞ, Rifat İLHAN, Doğukan Doğu YAVAŞLI, Rüstem ARSLAN

GEÇ TUNÇ ÇAĞI TROYA SAVUNMA HENDEĞİARAŞTIRMALARINA JEOARKEOLOJİKKATKILAR

Troya kazıları kapsamında, 2007-2011 yılları arasında, Tunç Çağı ve sonrasındaki antik çağlarda Troya Aşağı Kentini güneyden çevreleyen savunma hendeğinin doğudaki uzanışını belirlemek amacıyla, başta jeofizik olmak üzere çeşitli yöntemlerle yoğun araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmalara ekibimiz çok sayıda çakma-delgi sondaj yaparak katkıda bulunmuştur. Bu yazı, çalışmalarımızın jeoarkeoloji araştırma konu ve yöntemleri bakımından özgün bir örnek oluşturacağı düşünülerek hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmalar kapsamında, hendeğin doğuda kuzeydoğuya yönelen kesiminde, öngörülen uzanımına dik doğrultuda yapılan toplam 201 çakma-delgi sondajla 10 adet kesit oluşturulmuştur. Buna göre, burada bütünüyle Troya’nın yıkıntı enkazından oluşan, yapı taşları ile dolu, 2-3 m kalınlıkta bir yüzey örtüsü ile bunun altında kireçli, killi, kumlu, güneydoğuya çok az eğimli anakaya tabakaları (Üst Miosen) bulunmaktadır. Örtü altında anakaya yüzeyindeki küçük çukurlukların hendek uzantısına ait olduğunu belirlemek zor olmakla .birlikte, anakaya ile örtüdeki blok taşların litolojik farklılıklarının ve özellikle bulunan çanak çömlek kırıkları gibi arkeolojik materyalin değerlendirilmesi ile hendek uzanımı bir yere (I-K/24-25:2009-1) kadar izlenebilmiş, fakat buradan kuzeydoğuya doğru hendekle ilgili somut veri sağlanamamıştır. Sonuç olarak, sondaj çalışmalarının jeofizik yöntemlerle belirlenen anomali çizgilerinin test edilmesinde ve arkeologların farklı dönemleri temsil eden yüzey örtüsü katmanlarını değerlendirmeleri için örnek sağlanmasında önemli katkısı olmuştur. Böylece kazı yapılamayan yerlerde hendek uzanımı ile ilgili bilgi edinilmiş ve gereksiz kazı yapılması önlenmiştir

[GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTION TO RESEARCH ON THE LATE BRONZE AGE DEFENSIVE DITCH OF TROIA]

Within the scope of Troy excavations, in 2007-2011, intensive researches were carried out with variousmethods, especially geophysics, in order to determine the eastern extension of the defense ditch (moat)along the southern surrounding of the Lower City of Troy during the Bronze Age and later antiquity. Ourteam contributed to these studies by making numerous percussion borehole-drillings. This paper hasbeen prepared with the aim of creating a unique example in terms of geoarchaeological research subjectsand methods. Within the scope of the studies, a total of 201 borehole-drillings made perpendicular to theprojected extension of the trench in the northeastern part of the ditch and formed 10 sections. Accordingly,there is a 2-3 m thick surface deposit-cover consisting of building debris of Troy, and underneath it is limy,clayey, sandy bedrock layers (Upper Miocene), slightly dipping southeast. Although it is difficult to recog nize that the small pits on the bedrock surface under the cover belong to the trench extension, it could betraced to a location (I-K / 24-25: 2009-1) by determining the lithological differences between the bedrockand the large stones and especially the archaeological material such as potsherds found; but there is noconcrete data on the ditch from the northeast. As a result, it has made a significant contribution to thetesting of anomaly lines determined by geophysical methods and to provide samples for archaeologists toevaluate the surface cover layers representing different periods. Thus, information was obtained about been prepared with the aim of creating a unique example in terms of geoarchaeological research subjectsand methods. Within the scope of the studies, a total of 201 borehole-drillings made perpendicular to theprojected extension of the trench in the northeastern part of the ditch and formed 10 sections. Accordingly,there is a 2-3 m thick surface deposit-cover consisting of building debris of Troy, and underneath it is limy,clayey, sandy bedrock layers (Upper Miocene), slightly dipping southeast. Although it is difficult to recog nize that the small pits on the bedrock surface under the cover belong to the trench extension, it could betraced to a location (I-K / 24-25: 2009-1) by determining the lithological differences between the bedrockand the large stones and especially the archaeological material such as potsherds found; but there is noconcrete data on the ditch from the northeast. As a result, it has made a significant contribution to thetesting of anomaly lines determined by geophysical methods and to provide samples for archaeologists toevaluate the surface cover layers representing different periods. Thus, information was obtained aboutextension of the trench in places where excavation could not be done, and unnecessary excavation wasprevented.

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