Effects of adjuvant therapy on body composition measurements in women with early breast cancer
Effects of adjuvant therapy on body composition measurements in women with early breast cancer
Aim: This study aimed to determine the effects of adjuvant therapy on body mass index (BMI) and body fat (BF) measurements inwomen with early-stage breast cancer (ESBC).Material and Methods: We prospectively evaluated BMI and BF measurements including trunk fat mass kilograms (kg), trunk fatmass (%) and total body fat (%) on a bioelectric impedance analyzer in 29 women with stages I-III breast cancer. All of the patientsreceived anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). Six patients were hormone receptor (HR)-negative. Twenty-threepatients were HR-positive and received adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) following ACT. Eleven HR-positive postmenopausalpatients were treated with an aromatase inhibitor (AI), and the remaining twelve HR-positive premenopausal patients were treatedwith tamoxifen (TMX). A total of 3 measurements were performed in the beginning of chemotherapy, at 6th, and 12th months.Results: Although the BMI was significantly increased, there was no significant change in the BF during chemotherapy in patientsreceiving only ACT. Both BMI and BF measurements were significantly increased in premenopausal patients receiving TMX afterACT. However, no significant change was observed in BMI and BF measurements in postmenopausal patients receiving AI after ACT.Conclusions: ACT increased both BMI and BF measurements in patients with HR-positive premenopausal ESBC. Treatment withTMX or AI after ACT did not enhance the changes due to chemotherapy on body composition. Therefore, especially patients withHR-positive premenopausal ESBC should be careful not to gain weight during ACT.
___
- 1. Playdon MC, Bracken MB, Sanft TB, et al. Weight Gain
After Breast Cancer Diagnosis and All-Cause Mortality:
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst
2015;107:djv275.
- 2. Thivat E, Thérondel S, Lapirot O, et al. Weight change during
chemotherapy changes the prognosis in non metastatic
breast cancer for the worse. BMC Cancer 2010;10:648.
- 3. Gu K, Chen X, Zheng Y, et al. Weight change patterns among
breast cancer survivors: results from the Shanghai breast
cancer survival study. Cancer Causes Control 2010;21:621-9.
- 4. Dieli-Conwright CM, Wong L, Waliany S, et al. An
observational study to examine changes in metabolic
syndrome components in patients with breast cancer
receiving neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer
2016;122:2646-53.
- 5. Freedman RJ, Aziz N, Albanes D, et al. Weight and
body composition changes during and after adjuvant
chemotherapy in women with breast cancer. J Clin Endocrinol
Metab 2004;89:2248-53.
- 6. Cheney CL, Mahloch J, Freeny P. Computerized tomography
assessment of womenwith weight changes associated
with adjuvant treatment for breast cancer. Am J Clin Nutr
1997;66:141-6.
- 7. Campbell KL, Lane K, Martin AD, et al. Resting energy
expenditure and body mass changes in women during
adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Cancer Nurs
2007;30:95-100.
- 8. Gordon AM, Hurwitz S, Shapiro CL, et al. Premature ovarian
failure and body composition changes with adjuvant
chemotherapy for breast cancer. Menopause 2011;18:1244-8.
- 9. Harvie MN, Campbell IT, Baildam A, Howell A. Energy
balance in early breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant
chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2004;83:201-10.
- 10. Saquib N, Flatt SW, Natarajan L, et al. Weight gain and
recovery of pre-cancer weight after breast cancer treatments:
evidence from the women’s healthy eating and living (WHEL)
study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007;105:177-86.
- 11. Irwin ML, McTiernan A, Baumgartner RN, et al. Changes
in body fat and weight after a breast cancer diagnosis:
influence of demographic, prognostic, and lifestyle factors.
J Clin Oncol 2005;23:774-82.
- 12. Gadéa E, Thivat E, Dubray-Longeras P, et al. Prospective
study on body composition, energy balance and biological
factors changes in post-menopausal women with breast
cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy including taxanes.
Nutr Cancer 2018:1-10.
- 13. Pedersen B, Delmar C, Bendtsen MD, et al. Changes in weight
and body composition among women with breast cancer
during and after adjuvant treatment: a prospective follow-up
study. Cancer Nurs 2017;40:369-76.
- 14. Nissen MJ, Shapiro A, Swenson KK. Changes in weight and
body composition in women receiving chemotherapy for
breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2011;11:52-60.
- 15. Howell A, Cuzick J, Baum M, et al; ATAC Trialists’ Group.
Results of the ATAC (Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in
Combination) trial after completion of 5 years’adjuvant
treatment for breast cancer. Lancet 2005;365:60-2.
- 16. Nyrop KA, Williams GR, Muss HB, et al. Weight gain during
adjuvant endocrine treatment for early-stage breast
cancer: What is the evidence? Breast Cancer Res Treat
2016;158:203-17.
- 17. Rock CL, Demark-Wahnefried W. Nutrition and survival after
the diagnosis of breast cancer: a review of the evidence. J
Clin Oncol 2002;20:3302-16. Review. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol
2002;20:3939. BMC Cancer 2010;10:648.
- 18. Maliniak ML, Patel AV, McCullough ML, et al. Obesity,
physical activity, and breast cancer survival among older
breast cancer survivors in the Cancer Prevention Study-II
Nutrition Cohort. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018;167:133-45.
- 19. Liu LN, Lin YC, Miaskowski C, et al. Association between
changes in body fat and disease progression after breast
cancer surgery is moderated by menopausal status. BMC
Cancer 2017;17:863.
- 20. Nichols HB, Trentham-Dietz A, Egan KM, et al. Body mass
index before and after breast cancer diagnosis: associations
with all-cause, breast cancer, and cardiovascular disease
mortality. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18:1403-
9.
- 21. Caan BJ, Kwan ML, Shu XO, et al. Weight change and survival
after breast cancer in the after breast cancer poolingproject.
Cancer: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24:319.