ULUSLARARASI ANLAŞMALARDA HUKUKEN BAĞLANMA KASTININ TESPİTİ: KAPSAMLI ORTAK EYLEM PLANI ÖZELİNDE BİR İNCELEME

Devletler arasında yapılan uluslararası anlaşmaların sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bununla birlikte,meydana gelen tüm anlaşmaların hukuken bağlayıcı olduğunu söylemek mümkün değildir. Uluslararası hukukaçısından, bir anlaşmanın hukuken bağlayıcı olup olmadığı son derece önemli bir meseledir. Nitekim biranlaşmayla ilgili ortaya çıkabilecek uyuşmazlıkların uluslararası hukuk meselesi olup olmaması anlaşmanınhukuki bağlayıcılığı ile yakından ilgilidir. Anlaşmanın hukuki bağlayıcılığı tarafların hukuken bağlanma kastıdoğrultusunda tespit edilir ve söz konusu anlaşmayla ilgili çıkabilecek uyuşmazlıklara uygulanacak kurallarınbelirlenmesini sağlar. Herhangi bir şekilde ifade edilebilen hukuken bağlanma kastının belirlenmesinde geçerliolan kesin bir ölçüt bulunmamakla beraber bu konuda yol gösterici olan pek çok kriter bulunmaktadır. P5+1devletleri ile İran arasında yapılmış olan Kapsamlı Ortak Eylem Planı bu kriterler çerçevesindedeğerlendirildiğinde ortaya çıkan sonuç söz konusu anlaşmanın hukuken bağlayıcı bir nitelik taşımadığıdır. Budurum Kapsamlı Ortak Eylem Planı ile ilgili uyuşmazlıkları andlaşmalar hukuku çerçevesi dışındabırakmaktadır.

Determination of the Intention to be Legally Bound in International Agreements: A Research with Special Reference to Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action

The number of international agreements having been concluded between states increases day by day. Nonetheless it is not possible to assert that all agreements are legally binding. The question whether an agreement is legally binding is an extremely important issue for the purposes of international law. As a matter of fact, the issue whether disputes, which could be arouse, relating to an agreement are matters of legal concern is closely related to the legal bindingness of that agreement. Legal bindingness of an agreement would be determined in accordance with parties’ intention to be legally bound and provides for the determination of rules, which will be applied to disputes that could arise. Even if there is no precise criterion for determination of the intention to be legally bound, which might be expressed by some means or other, there are plenty of guiding measures about the issue. When Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, which was concluded between P5+1 countries and Iran, is examined within the scope of these measures, it is revealed that the agreement is not legally binding. This condition puts the disputes related to Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action outside of the framework of law of treaties.

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