YUNAN MAKEDONYASI’NDA ULUSAL VE ETNİK KİMLİĞİN İNŞASI

Bu makale, Yunan Makedonyası’ndaki Slav-Makedonlarına dönük asimilasyon ve entegrasyonmekanizmalarına odaklanarak Yunan ulusal kimliği ve etnik farklılık arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. İnşacıve modernist kuramları temel alarak, Slav-Makedon etnik kimliğinin şekillenme sürecinde çeşitli koşulların veYunan ulus-devlet politikalarının belirleyici etkisini tartışır. Baskın olarak etno-kültürel bir içerikle inşa edilenYunan ulus-devletinde, Slav-Makedonlar din ve kültür bakımından Yunanlığın içinde görüldüklerinden azınlıkolarak tanınmamış ve ayırt edici özellikleri nüfus değişimleri, dilsel asimilasyon ve Yunan İç Savaşı’nın çokyönlü etkileriyle baskı altına alınmıştır. Ulus-devlet politikası, dil ve din gibi kültürel farkların etnikleşmesininve siyasallaşmasının önüne geçmeye çalışmış ve daha asimile edilebilir görülen dil farkıyla ayrışan SlavMakedonlar çeşitli biçimlerde etniksizleştirilerek Yunanlık evrenine eşit yurttaşlar olarak dâhil edilmişlerdir.Hem Yunanistan içindeki Slav-Makedon aktivizmine, hem de komşu bir Slav devletinin Kuzey Makedonyaadını kullanmasına karşı verilen siyasi ve toplumsal tepki, Yunan vatandaşı Slav-Makedonların etnik kimliğinininkârının Yunan ulusal kimliğinin kurucu ve şekil verici ilkelerinden birine dönüşmesiyle ilişkilidir.

The Formation of National and Ethnic Identity in Greek Macedonia

This article analyzes the relationship between Greek national identity and ethnic difference by focusing on assimilation and integration mechanisms towards Slavo-Macedonians in Greek Macedonia. Drawn on constructivist and modernist theories, it discusses the influence of various circumstances and the Greek nationstate policies on the formation of Slavo-Macedonian ethnicity. In the Greek nation-state constructed predominantly by ethno-cultural content, Slavo-Macedonians, for being considered as part of Greekness in terms of religion and culture, are not recognized as minority and their distinctive characteristics were suppressed by means of population exchanges, linguistic assimilation and different effects of the Greek Civil War. The nation-state policies have sought to prevent the ethnicization and politicization of cultural differences, such as language and religion, and Slavo-Macedonians have been de-ethnicized and included in the universe of Greekness as equal citizens because they are seen as more assimilable by their linguistic difference. Political and social reaction against both the Slavo-Macedonian cultural activism in Greece and a neighboring country’s adoption of North Macedonia as her name is related with the fact that the denial of Greek citizen SlavoMacedonians’ ethnic identity has become a constitutive and formative principle of the Greek national identity.

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