New Public Management Reforms: The British Experience
Son yirmi yıldır İngiltere ve diğer gelişmiş ülkelerin kamu yönetimlerine önemli etkileri olan bir model ortaya çıktı: 'yeni kamu yönetimi'. Yeni kamu yönetimi modeli yeni bir 'küresel paradigma' olarak sunulmakta ve evrensel olarak uygulanabilir olduğu savunulmaktadır. Bu çalışma, modelin kuramsal dayanaklarını, temel özelliklerini ve İngiltere örneğinden hareketle gelişim evrelerini açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Yeni kamu yönetiminin uluslararası bir trend olarak çıkması belirli bir ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasal etmenlerin bir ürünüdür. Bu model, 'kamu tercihi gibi politik ekonomi kuramlarının ve işletme yönetim yöntemlerinin etkisi altında şekillenmiştir. İngiltere'de 'Yeni Sağ' düşüncesi de reform programlarını etkiledi ve ideolojik temelini oluşturdu. Muhafazakar Parti hükümeti iktidara geldiğinde önceden tasarlanmış bir reform programına sahip değildi. Hedefler zamanla gelişti. Reformun ilk safhasında tasarruf, etkinlik ve kontrol en önemli öğelerdi. 1980'li yılların sonundan itibaren de piyasa-tipi mekanizmalarla rekabetçi bir ortam oluşturmak, kaliteyi yükseltmek gibi daha radikal ve kapsamlı reformlar uygulamaya konuldu. Bu reform programlarının gerçekleştirilmesinde siyasal kararlılık ve istikrar önemli rol oynadı.
Yeni Kamu Reformları: İngiltere Deneyimi
Over the last two decades New Public Management (NPM) has emerged as an influential model having profound impacts on the public sector management in Britain and in many other developed countries. This study aims at explaining the main characteristic of NPM in relation to the British case. The emergence of NPM as an international trend has been attributed to the particular economic, social and political factors. Two different sets of ideas have shaped the NPM model. The first has emerger from the new institutional economics while the second was deriven from business-type managerialism. When the Thatcher Government came to power there was no master plan for reform. Goals evolved over time. In the early stages, achieving economy, efficiency and control have been the most important objectives. However, from the late 1980s more radical and comprehensive reforms have been undertaken such as the introduction of market-type mechanisms and executive agencies. In terms of making administrative reforms happen, sustained political commitment to the reforms and political stability have played important roles.
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- ISSN: 0378-2921
- Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
- Başlangıç: 1943
- Yayıncı: AÜ Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler
Nationalism, State and Cultural Survival
New Public Management Reforms: The British Experience
Çevreci Sosyal Hareketlerin Ortaya Çıkışı, Gelişimi ve Sona Ermesi Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Cumhuriyetçi Muhafazakarlık, Seferber Edici Modernlik ve 'Diğer Batı' Düşüncesi
Temel Hak ve Özgürlüklerde Objektif Sınır Kavramı ve Düşünce Özgürlüğünün Objektif Sınırları