HABERMAS'IN İLETİŞİMSEL EYLEM TEORİSİNDE LORENZER ETKİSİ: DİL, SEMBOL VE SAHNESEL ANLAMA

Adorno, Horkheimer ve Marcuse gibi Frankfurt Okulu-Eleştirel Teori düşünürleri pozitivizm, modernite ve faşizm eleştirisi temaları etrafında birleşirken normatif-politik bütünlüklü bir projeksiyon ileri sürmekten uzak durmuşlardır. Buna karşın, Jürgen Habermas iletişimsel eylem teorisiyle normatif-entelektüel boşluğu doldurmaya çalışmıştır. Habermas, modernitenin özgürleştirici potansiyelinin iletişimsel eylemin rasyonel doğasında mevcut olduğunu ileri sürmüştür; kamusal alanda aktörler arası karşılıklı anlama ve uzlaşıyı mümkün kılmak için tarafların baskıdan uzak ve serbestçe iletişime girebilmeleri ideal söylemler oluşturacaktır. Fakat özneler-arası iletişim pürüzsüz olmaktan uzaktır; iletişimde bilinçli-manipülatif veya bilinçdışı sistematik pürüzler bulunabilir. Bu makale Alfred Lorenzer'in dilbilimsel psikanalitik yaklaşımının önemini Habermas'ın görüşleri üzerindeki etkisi bağlamında; iletişimdeki sistematik pürüzlerinin giderilmesi bakımından tartışmaktadır: Sahnesel anlama ve derinlemesine yorumlama, deforme olmuşsembolleştirilememiş özneler-arası dil oyunlarını anlaşılır kılmaktadır. Eleştirel Teori geleneğinde normatif bir entelektüel girişim olarak iletişimsel eylem teorisinin oluşumunda Lorenzerci psikanalizin rolü önemlidir.

The Lorenzer Effect on Habermas's the Theory of Communicative Action: Language, Symbol and Scenic Understanding

The thinkers of the Frankfurt School - Critical Theory - such as Adorno, Horkheimer and Marcuse, whilst revolving around criticising the themes of positivism, modernity and fascism, stayed strictly away any normative-political projection. However, Jürgen Habermas sought to fill in this normative-intellectual gap by means of the theory of communicative action. Habermas argues that the liberating potential of modernity is embedded in the rationality of communicative action; actors in public sphere are capable of constructing ideal discourses to render consensus and agreement but so long as they are free from any constraint. Yet the intersubjective communication is far from distortion; there may be either conscious-manipulative or unconscious systematic distortions in communications. This article suggests the role of Alfred Lorenzer's linguistic psychoanalysis and in eliminating systematic distortions: Scenic understanding and in-depth hermeneutics make understandable the de-formed and de-symbolised inter-subjective language games. The Lorenzer's psychoanalysis holds significance in the formation of the theory of communicative action as a normativeintellectual enterprise in the tradition of Critical Theory.

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