Good Neighbourliness Condition for EU Membership: The EU Policy Towards the Cyprus Conflict and its Security Implications

Bu çalışmada, Avrupa Birliği'nin (AB) Kıbrıs sorununa yaklaşımı, tam üyelik siyasi kriterlerinden olan "iyi komşuluk ilişkileri" çerçevesi içerisinde incelenmiştir. Makalede, Avrupa Birliği'nin Güney Kıbrıs Rum Yönetimine karşı, Birliğin genişleme politikasının koşullu üyelik prensibini oluşturan "ceza/ödüllendirme" araçlarını etkin bir şekilde kullanmadığı ileri sürülmektedir. AB'nin "iyi komşuluk ilişkileri" koşulunu Güney Kıbrıs Rum Yönetimine karşı tutarlı bir şekilde uygulamaması, Birliğin Kıbrıs sorununun çözümü konusundaki etkinliğini yitirmesine neden olmuştur. Çalışmada ileri sürülen diğer bir sav ise, AB'nin Güney Kıbrıs Rum Yönetimine uyguladığı koşulsuz üyelik stratejisinin, Birliğin Avrupa Kıtasında istikrar ve güven oluşturma prensipleriyle çeliştiği görüşüdür.

Avrupa Birliği Üyeliği İçin İyi Komşuluk İlişkileri Koşulu: AB'nin Kıbrıs Sorununa Yaklaşımı ve Avrupa Güvenliğine Etkileri

This aıticle analyses the EU's approach towards the Cyprus issue. it argues that the European Union (EU) has not effectively used its stick and carrot instrument tor Cyprus's accession to the EU, in order to exert pressure on the involved paıties. That is, the EU has not been entirely consistent in applying condition of good neighbourliness to the Cyprus case. Thus, the EU has been less effective at influencing policy development in Cyprus than it might have been, had it pursued a consistent policy. The second contention of tHis article is that there has also been an inconsistency betvveen security motivation of the EU's enlargement policy, which is to create stability throughout Europe, and its policy towards Cyprus. in fact, the EU could not only bring Cyprus's internal security problems into the EU, but also severely undermine regional security iri Eastern Mediterranean. This is because if the EU accepted Cyprus as a member without a politicat settlement, it would not only lead to tension in Eastern Mediterranean, but also undermine security co-operation between the EU and Turkey, a country that has an important role to play in European security.

PDF

___

AKIMAN, Nazmi (2002), "Turkish-Greek Relations: From Uneasy Coexistence to Better Relations? A Retired Ambassador Takes Stock," Mediterranean Ojjarterly, 13/3: 22-32.
ARIKAN, Harun, (2003), Turkey and European Union: An Awkward Candidate for EU Membershipl (Forthcoming) (Aldershot: Ashgate Publication).
BAHÇELİ, Tözün (1999), "Turkish Cypriots, the EU Option, and Resolving Ethnic Conflict in Cyprus," THEOPHANOUS, N. / PERISTIANIS, A. / IOANNOU (eds), Cyprus and European Union (Nicosia: Intercollege Press): 107-124.
BAHÇELİ, Tözün (2001), "The Lure of Economic Prosperity versus Ethno-Nationalism: Turkish Cypriots, the European Union Option, and the Resolution of Ethnic Conflict in Cyprus," KEATING, Michael / Mcgarry, John (eds), Minority Nationalism and the Changing International Order (Oxford: Oxford University Press):203-223.
BARCHARD, David (2002), "Minutes of evidence given to Foreign Affairs Committee of the United Kingdom Parliament," Repon on Turkey (London).
BARKEY, Henri / PHILIP, Gordon H. (2001), Cyprus: The Predictable Crisis, The National Interest, No: 61.
BISCOP, Sven (2002), Enlargement as a Tool for Conflict Resolution? Security Implications of the European Union's Mediterranean Enlargement, a paper presented at the conference about Bigger and Better? The European Union, Enlargement and Reform, Fifth Biennial Conference of the European Community Studies Association, Canada Toronto, 30 May - 1 June 2002. internet resources at http://web.uvic.ca/ecsac /toronto/ papers/on/line/pdf/8B-
BUZAN, Barry (1990), The European Security Order Recast (London: Pinter Publishers).
CHRISTOU, George (2002), "The European Union and Cyprus: The Power of Attraction as a Solution to the Cyprus Issue," Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority issues in Europe, 2/2002. internet resource at http://www.ecmi.de/jemie/downtoad/Focus2-2002_Christou.pdf
CYPRUS BULLETIN, 15 November 1996, Vol. XXV (Nicosia).
DIEZ, Thomas (2000), Last Exit to Paradise? The EU, the Cyprus Conflict, and the Problematic Catalytic Effect (Copenhagen: Copenhagen Peace Research Institute).
EUROPEAN COMMISSION (1992), "Europe and the Challenge of Enlargement," Bulletin of the European Communities, Supplement 3/7: 92 (Brussels).
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION (1993), The Commission Opinion on the Application by the Republic of Cyprus, COM (93) 313 (Brussels).
European Commission (1997), "Agenda 2000: For Stronger and Wider Union," COM (97) final, Butletin of the European Union, Supplement 5/9 (Brussels).
EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2002), Regular Report on Cyprus' Progress tovvards Accession, (COM (2002) 700 final) (Brussels).
EUROPEAN COUNCIL (1993), Pres/deney Conclusions, Copenhagen, 10-11 December (Brussels: General Secretariat of the Council).
EUROPEAN COUNCIL (1994), Pres/deney Conclusions, Corfu 24-25 June (Brussels: General Secretariat of the Council).
EUROPEAN COUNCIL (1999), Pres/deney Conclusions, Helsinki, 10-11 December (Brussels: General Secretariat of the Council).
EUROPEAN COUNCIL (2002a), Pres/deney Conclusions,Brussels, 24-25 October 2002 (Brussels: General Secretariat of the Council).
EUROPEAN COUNCIL (2002b), Pres/deney Conc/us/ons,Copenhegan, 10-11 December 2002 (Brussels: General Secretariat of the Council.
GÜVEN-LISANILER, F./ RODRIGUEZ, L. (2002), "The Social and Economic Impact of EU Membership on Northern Cyprus," DIEZ, Tomas (ed.), Modern Conflict, Post modern Union: The EU and the Cyprus Conflict (Manchester: Mahchester University Press).
GRABBE, Heather (2002), "Enlargement puts EU credibility on the line: Turkey is the litmus test," The Wall Street Journal on line (London: Centre for European Reform), 11 October 2002.
MENDELSON, Q.C., (1997), Opinion on the Legal Aspects of Membership Application of the Greek Cypriot Administration of Southern Cyprus to the European Union (London).
MUNUERA, Gabriel (1994), Preventing Armed Conflict in Europe: Lessons f rom Recent Experience, Chaillot Papers, 15/16 (Paris: West European Union Institute for Security Studies).
MÜFTÜLER-BAC, Meltem (1999), "The Cyprus debacle: what the future holds," Futures, 36/6: 559-575.
NICOLL, V/illiam / SALMON, Traver C., (1994), Understanding the New European Community (Herdfordshire: Harvester).
NUGENT, Neil (2000), "EU Enlargement and Cyprus Problem," Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 38 /1: 131-150.
OĞUZLU, Tarık , H. (2002), "The EU as an Actor in the Solution of the Cyprus Dispute: The Ouestions of How?,"Journo( on Ethnopolitics and Minority issues in Europe. internet at : http://www.ecmi.de/jemie/download/Focus2-2002_Oguzlu.pdf.
ÖNİŞ, Ziya (2003), "Greek-Turkish relations and the role of the European Union: perpetuator of conflict ör contributor to peace?," KOLLIAS / GÜNLÜK-ŞENESEN, Gülay (eds), Greece and Turkey in the 21st Century: Conflict ör Cooperationl (Fortcoming). internet resource at http://home.ku.edu.tr/-zonis/fall02/grek.PDF
PAPAGRIGORIOU, Tisakiris (1998), The European Community and Turkey, unpublished MA thesis, submitted to the University of Birmingham (Birmingham).
PRESTON, Christopher (1997), Enlar$ement and Intesration in the European Union (London: Routledge).
RAM, H. Melanie (1999), Transformation throush European Intesration: A Comparative Study of the Czech Republic and Romanla, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis (Washington: George Washington University).
RAM, H, Melanie (2001a), Sub-resional Cooperation and European Intesration: Romania's Delicate Batance, a paper presented at the International Studies Association Annual Meeting, February 20-24, 2001 (Chicago, Illinois).
RAM, H, Melanie, (2001 b), Black Sea Cooperation towards European Intesration, Presented at the Black Sea Regional Policy Symposium, March 29-April 1, 2001 (Leesburg).
REDMOND, John / PACE, Roderick (1996), "European Security in the 1990s and Beyond: The Implications of the Accession of Cyprus and Malta to the European Union," Contemporary Security Policy, Volume 17/3: 430-450.
SJURSEN, Helene / SMITH, E. Karen (2000), Justifying EU Foreign Policy: The Logfcs Underpinnins EU Enlarsement, internet resource at http://www.arena.uio.no/ publications/ wp01_1.htm.
SMITH, E. Karen (2000), "The Conditional Offer of EU Membership as an Instrument of EU Foreign Policy: Reshaping Europe in the EU's Image," Marmara Journal of European Studies, 8/2: 33-46.
TOCCI, Nathalie (2002), Cyprus and Turkey: Europe's Historic Opportunity (Brussels: The Center for European Studies).
WESTERING, Van, Jolanda (2000), "Conditionality and EU Membership: The Cases of Turkey and Cyprus," European Fore/gn Affairs Review, 5/1: 95-118.