Çocuklar Bakımından Uzlaştırma: Farklı Yararlar Arasında Bir Denge Arayışı

Çocuklar bakımından uzlaştırma, günümüzde gerek dünyada gerek Türkiye’de gittikçe öne çıkan bir ceza ve ceza muhakemesi hukuku kurumudur. Bu bağlamda, anılan kurum kapsamına giren suç tiplerinin giderek çeşitlendiği ve zaman içinde daha ciddi suçların bu kapsamda ele alındığı görülmektedir. Buna bağlı olarak da, çocuklar bakımından uzlaştırmaya tâbi olan dosyaların sayısı hızla artmakta ve uzlaştırma kurumu, adalet sistemi içinde daha görünür hâle gelmektedir. Buna karşın, çocuklar bakımından uzlaştırma uygulamasından beklenen yararların sağlanabilmesi için, öncelikle bu yararların neler olduğunun açıkça tespit edilmesi ve hangi hukuki kurum ve kurallar aracılığıyla hayata geçirilebileceğinin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, çocuklar bakımından uzlaştırmadan beklenen üç farklı yarar kategorisi olduğu ve başarılı bir uzlaştırma uygulamasının da, ancak bu yararlar arasında makul bir denge kurulmasıyla mümkün olabileceği ileri sürülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmada benimsenen yarar kategorileri; adalet sistemi bakımından “alternatif çözüm yöntemi”, uzlaştırmanın tarafları bakımından “onarıcı adalet” ve çocuklar bakımından da “çocuğun yüksek yararı” olarak belirlenmiş bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada, her üç yarar kategorisi ayrıntılı bir biçimde tanımlanmakta ve Türk Hukuku’ndaki mevcut durumun analizi yapılarak, sorunlu olduğu düşünülen alanlara işaret edilmekte ve somut çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmaktadır.

Victim-Offender Mediation for Juveniles: In Search of a Reasonable Balance amongst Different Benefits

Victim-offender mediation for juveniles is a criminal and criminal procedure law institution, which has recently come into prominence both in the world and in Turkey. In this context, one can observe that the types of crimes within the scope of this institution are gradually diversifying and over time, more serious crimes are handled within this scope. Accordingly, the number of cases refereed to victim-offender mediation for juveniles increases rapidly and the mediation institution becomes more visible in the justice system. However, in order to achieve the expected benefits of victim-offender mediation for juveniles, it is necessary to clearly determine what these benefits are and through which legal institutions and rules can be realized. In this study, it is suggested that there are three different benefit categories expected from victim-offender mediation for juveniles and a successful mediation can be achieved only after securing a reasonable balance thereof. In this context, the benefit categories adopted in the study are “alternative solution method” for the justice system, “restorative justice” for the parties of mediation and “best interest of the child” for children. All three categories of benefits are defined in detail and the current situation in Turkish Law is analyzed accordingly. In conclusion, the areas that are considered to be problematic are pointed out and concrete solutions are offered.

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İnternet Kaynakları: Avrupa Adaletin Etkinliği Komisyonu İnternet Sitesi, “Mediation”, https://www.coe.int/en/web/cepej/cepej-work/mediation, 04.01.2021.
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Adalet Bakanlığı Ceza İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü, 2019 Yılı Uzlaştırma İstatistiği, https://alternatifcozumler.adalet.gov.tr/Resimler/SayfaDokuman/22720201054542019%20Yılı%20%20(01.01.2019%20ilâ%2031.12.2019%20Tarihleri%20Arasındaki)%20Uzlaştırma%20Verileri.pdf, 06.01.2021.