Sevil ÖZDEMİR TALAK, Aylin BAYDAR ARTANTAŞ

Hastalar ve Yakınlarının Sağlık Çalışanlarına Yönelik Şiddetin Nedenleri Konusunda Görüş ve Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Ankara Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’ne başvuran hasta ve hastayakınlarının sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet konusundaki görüş ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesiamaçlanmaktadır.Materyal ve Metot: Çalışma 01 Aralık 2016‐01 Şubat 2017 tarihleri arasında Ankara Atatürk Eğitim veAraştırma Hastanesi’nde, bu tarihler arasında hastaneye başvuran hasta ve hasta yakınları dâhil edilerekyapıldı. 43 sorudan oluşan bir anket sağlık çalışanı olmayan gönüllülere yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyleuygulandı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 300 kişiden, sağlık çalışanlarına şiddet uygulandığına şahit olan katılımcısayısı 78 (%26,00), sağlık çalışanlarına şiddet uygulayan katılımcı sayısı ise 37 (%12,33) idi. En sıkuygulanan ve şahit olunan sözel şiddet iken, en sık şiddet uygulanan meslek grupları doktor (%48,65) vehemşireler (%40,55); şiddetin en sık uygulandığı sağlık kurumu ise devlet hastaneleriydi (%67,60).Katılımcılar, sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddetin artma sebeplerini, sağlık kurumlarının çok kalabalıkolması (%73,00), hasta ve yakınlarının sabırsız olması (%65,00) ve şiddet uygulayanların eğitimsizlikleri(%54,30) olarak belirttiler. Sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddetin nasıl engellenebileceği sorusuna ilk üçsırada alınan yanıtlar; verilen cezalar caydırıcı olmalı (%56,30), sağlık kurumlarında güvenlik önlemleriarttırılmalı (%53,70) ve halka yönelik eğitimler verilmeli(%52,70) şeklindeydi. Katılımcıların %52,30’üsağlık çalışanlarının bazı durumlarda şiddeti hak ettiğini düşünürken; %6,30’u bir doktorun şiddetgörerek öldürülmesi haberini duyduğunda ‘hak ettiği unsurlar olabilir’ şeklinde düşünmekteydi.Sonuç: Çalışmada katılımcıların yarısından çoğu sağlık çalışanlarının gördüğü şiddeti bazı durumlardahak ettiğini düşünmekteydi. Sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddetin nedenleri üzerinde mutlaka detaylıçalışmalar yapılmalı, bu konuda kalitatif çalışmalara ağırlık verilmelidir.

Evaluation of Patients’ and Their Relatives' Opinions and Attitudes About Violence Against Health Care Workers

Objectives: In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the opinions and attitudes of the patients and their relatives admitted to the Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital on the issue of violence towards healthcare workers. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out between 01 December 2016 ‐ 01 February 2017 at Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital including patients and their relatives admitted to the hospital between these dates. A questionnaire consisting of 43 questions was conducted to the volunteers who were not health professionals via face to face interview. Results: Of the 300 respondents, the number of respondents who witnessed violence against healthcare workers was 78(26.00%); and the number of respondents who were engaged in violence towards healthcare workers was 37(12.33%). Verbal violence was most common type both witnessed and practiced. Doctors (48.65%) and nurses (40.55%) were most frequently exposed to violence; state hospitals were the most frequent violent health institutions (67.60%). According to the respondents, the reasons for the increase in the violence against the healthcare workers are as follows: the health institutions are very crowded (73.00%), the patients and their relatives are impatient (65.00%) and lack of education of perpetrators (54.30%). The first three responses to the question of how violence against healthcare workers can be prevented were: the sentences should be deterrent (56.30%), security measures should be increased in health institutions (5.70%) and public education (52.70%). 52.30 % of the respondents think that healthcare workers deserve violence in some cases; 6.30% of them think that ‘there could be elements he/she deserved' when they heard a news about a doctor was killed by violence. Conclusion: More than half of the respondents in the study thought that in some cases healthcare workers deserved violence. Detailed studies should be done on the causes of violence and should especially be focused on qualitative studies.

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