Anayasa Yapımında Yeni Bir Paradigma: Kapsayıcı, Katılımcı Uzlaşmacı Anayasa Yapım Süreçleri ve Çeşitli Örnekler

Yirminci yüzyılın son çeyreği ile yirmi birinci yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde anayasa yapım yöntemlerinde paradigmatik bir kırılma meydana gelmiştir. Daha önce kurucu meclis sistemi içinde temsilcileri aracılığıyla anayasa yapımında söz sahibi olan bireyler, bu dönemden itibaren doğrudan anayasa yapımına katılma imkânı elde etmiştir. Artık anayasa yapımının meşruiyetini sürecin kapsayıcılığı ve bireylerin sürece ne ölçüde katıldıkları belirlemektedir. Demokratik bir anayasanın ortaya çıkabilmesi için anayasayı meydana getirecek sürecin anayasa ile muhatap olacak tüm unsurları kapsaması, sürece dahil etmesi ve sürecin sonunda bu unsurların üzerinde uzlaştığı bir metin meydana getirmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada çeşitli ülke örneklerinden yola çıkılarak anayasa yapımında ortaya çıkan bu değişimin ana hatları incelenecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Anayasa, anayasa yapımı, demokratik anayasa yapımı, kapsayıcı anayasa yapımı, katılımcı anayasa yapımı

NEW PARADIGM IN CONSTITUTION MAKING: INCLUSIVENESS, PARTICIPATORY AND CONCILIATORY CONSTITUTION MAKING PROCESSES AND SOME CASES

In the last quarter of 20th century and in the fi rst quarter of 21th century, there has occured pradigmatic fraction in methodology of constitution making. Individuals, who took part in constituton making with their representatives before, has had an opportunity to take part directly in constitution making following this era. Any longer, incluveness of the process and participation of individuals to process has determined the legitimacy of constitution making. In order to compose a democratic constitution, the constitution-making process should include all the elements related with constitution and it should form a text on which there is an aggrement. In this work, these developments in constitution making will be analyzed considering some cases

Keywords:

Constitutiton, constitution making, democratic constitution making, inclusiveness constitution making, participatory constitution making,

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