VENÖZ TROMBOEMBOLİLİ HASTALARIN ETİYOLOJİK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

AMAÇ : Sık görülen bir halk sağlığı problemi olan venöz tromboemboli (VTE), geniş bir klinik spektruma sahiptir. Derin ven trombozu (DVT), pulmoner emboli (PE), iskemik inme ve çok nadir olarak da üst ekstremite ve pelvik venlerde tromboemboli aynı hastalığın değişik prezentasyonlarıdır. Çalışmamızın amacı VTE’li hastaların faktörleri ve klinik özellikleri yönünden değerlendirmektir. YÖNTEM : Bu çalışmada, 2009-2012 yılları arasında hematoloji polikliniğine başvuran VTE’li 83 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. BULGULAR: VTE’li toplam 83 hastanın yaş aralığı 18 ile 57 arasındaydı medyan yaş 38’di. Hastaların 35’I erkek (% 42.2) ve 48’i (% 57.8) kadındı. Tromboz bölgesine göre gruplandırıldığında 34 hastada pulmoner emboli (% 41), 29 hastada DVT (% 39), 9 hastada sinus ven trombozu (%1 0.8), 7 hastada retinal ven trombozu (%8.4), 4 hastada da intraabdominal ven trombozu (% 4.8) saptandı. Venöz trombozlu hastalar yaş grupları ve tromboz yerine göre sınıflandırıldığında 40 yaşın üzerinde PE’nin 40 yaşında ve daha küçük olanlarda ise DVT’nin daha sık görüldüğü saptandı (p:0.016 ve p:0.009). Sinus ven trombozu olan hastalar arasında yaş gruplarına göre istatistiksel anlamlı bir fark izlenmedi (p=0.297). Yaş grupları arasında faktör V Leiden ve protrombin G20210A mutasyonu varlığı yönünden anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p:0.089 ve p:0.090). SONUÇ: VTE yüksek mortalite ve morbiditeye yol açabilen bir hastalıktır. VTE'nin kalıtsal ve kazanılmış risk faktörleri uygun bir şekilde sistematik olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Bu risk faktörlerini tanımlamak, risk faktörlerini ve bireylerin yaşam tarzını değiştirerek VTE'yi önleme olasılığından dolayı önemlidir.

ETIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM

INTRODUCTION: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) as afrequently seen public health problem has a broad clinicalpresentation spectrum. It includes many different presentationsof the same disease process such as deep vein thrombosis(DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), ischemic stroke, and rarelythromboembolism of upper extremities and pelvic veins. Thepurpose of this study is to assess the risk factors and clinical featuresin patients with VTE.METHODS: In this study, we evaluated the factors which can playa role for etiology in 83 patients with VTE who were admitted toHematology outpatient clinic between the years 2009 and 2012retrospectively.RESULTS: The median age of 83 patients with VTE was 38, withthe ranged of 18 to 57. Thirty-five of the patients were men (42.2%)and 48 (57.8%) were women. According to the thrombosis sitesin the patients, pulmonary embolism was detected in 34 patients(41%), DVT in 29 patients (39%), SVT (sinus vein thrombosis) in 9patients (10.8%), RVT (retinal vein thrombosis) in 7 patients (8.4%),and intra-abdominal vein thrombosis in 4 patients (4.8%). In theclassification of thrombosis location of the patients with venousthrombosis according to the age groups, pulmonary embolism andDVT were more frequent in the age group of >40 (p=0.016) and thatof ≤40 (P:0.009) respectively. There was not statistically significantdifference among the age groups for sinus thrombosis (p=0.297).No significant statistical difference was found between the agegroups in terms of FV Leiden and PTG mutations (p: 0.089, p:0.090respectively).CONCLUSİON: Venous thromboembolism is a disease that haspotentially high mortality and morbidity. Inherited and acquired riskfactors of VTE must be systematically evaluated in an appropriatemanner. Defining those risk factors is important because of thepossibility of preventing VTE by modifying the risk factors and thelife style of individuals.

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