Supraglottik hava yolu araçlarının hastane öncesi ve kardiyopulmoner resusitasyonda kullanımı

Hastane öncesi veya kardiyopulmoner resusitasyon uygulamaları sırasında hava yolu yönetimini üstlenmek durumunda kalan kişiler çok farklı bilgi ve beceri düzeylerine sahiptirler. Bundan dolayı önerilecek olan hava yolu araçlarının çeşitli eğitim düzeylerine sahip kişilerin kullanımına uygun olması göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Endotrakeal entübasyon "altın standart" olarak kabul edilse de tüpün yanlış yerleştirilmesi, yerinden çıkması, iyatrojenik hipoksi, bradikardi ve göğüs kompresyonlarına ara verilmesi gibi istenmeyen yönleri de vardır. Bu nedenlerle alternatif hava yolu araçlarına gereksinim vardır ve supraglottik hava yolu araçları ile de kardiyopulmoner resusitasyon uygulamaları sırasında ve hastane öncesi dönemde etkili bir ventilasyonun sağlanabildiği gösterilmiştir. Supraglottik hava yolu araçlarının doktorlar, paramedikler, hemşireler ve eğitilmiş diğer kişiler için kolay ve güvenilir bir uygulama olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. Bu derleme makalede, supraglottik hava yolu araçlarının kardiyopulmoner resusitasyon sırasında ve hastane öncesi hava yolu açılması için kullanımı gözden geçirilecektir.

Use of supraglottic airway devices in the prehospital setting and during CPR

Personnel who has to deal with airway management in the prehospital setting or during cardiopulmonary resuscitation has different levels of education and training in airway management. Therefore, devices for airway management should be appropriate for these different levels of skill. Intubating the trachea under direct laryngoscopy is the "gold standard" for airway management during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and in out-of-hospital setting. However, endotracheal tube misplacement or dislodgement, iatrogenic hypoxia and bradycardia, and interruptions in cardiopulmonary resuscitation chest compressions are the pitfalls of emergency airway management. Alternative techniques for emergency airway management are required and it has been shown that supraglottic airway devices may provide effective ventilation and is easy to use for emergency staff with different levels of skill and experience. This review is about the use of supraglottic airway devices in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and prehospital airway management.

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