Eylem KARATAY

8039

Mikrobiyota, prebiyotik ve probiyotikler

İnsan gastrointestinal sisteminde bulunan bakterilerin çeşitli hastalıkların patogenezinde ve tedavisinde rol aldığı son yıllarda ortaya çıkmış. Vücudumuzda yaşayan mikroorganizmaların tamamına mikrobiyota, insanlarla kommensal olarak yaşayan mikroorganizların taşıdıkları genoma mikrobiyom adı verilmektedir. İnsan vücudunun sağlıklı bir yaşam sürdürebilmesi için sağlıklı bir gastrointestinal sisteme sahip olması gerekmektedir. Bunun sağlanması da intestinal mikroflora ile olmaktadır. Bağırsağın yararlı mikroflorasını güçlendirmek için probiyotik, prebiyotik ve sinbiyotikler gibi gıda katkı maddeleri kullanılmaktadır.Mikrobiyotaki bakteriler belirli bir oranda yararlı ve zararlı bakterileri içerir. Yararlı /zararlı bakteri oranı azaldığında “mikrobiyal disbiyozis” adını verdiğimiz patolojik bir süreç başlar. Mikrobiyal disbiyozis süreci ile  gastrointestinal hastalılardan enflamatuvar bağırsak hastalığı, kolon - gastrik kanser çölyak hastalığı ile ilişkilendirilirken ,extraintestinal hastalılardan da alerji ,obezite, Parkinson hastalığı,  diyabet ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklar gibi birçok hastalık da  ilişkilidir. Mikrobiyota manipülasyona dayanan müdahaleler, sindirim sistemi içinde ve dışında birçok kronik durum için kullanımı giderek  yaygınlaşmakta ve gelecek için umut vercidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mikrobiyota, prebiyotik, probiyotik

Microbiota, probiotic and prebiotics

It has emerged in recent years that bacteria in the human gastrointestinal tract have been involved in the pathogenesis and treatment of various diseases.Microbiota includes all special species while microbiome includes genes of microorganisms which live commensally with human.The human body must have a healthy gastrointestinal system to maintain a healthy life. This is achieved by intestinal microflora. Food additives such as probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics are used to strengthen the beneficial microflora of the intestine. Microbial dysbiosis, described as the decrease of useful bacteria and the increase of harmful bacteria, has been associated with colon –gastric cancer, celiac disease and many extraintestinal diseases such as allergy, obesity, Parkinson disease, Diabetes Mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Differences in intestinal microbiota composition are detected in many cases like diabetes, allergy, autism, obesity, gastric cancer, hypertension and autoimmune diseases. Healthy diet recommendations, including prebiotic and probiotic foods and the use of probiotic agents, look promising for future treatment of gastrointestinal ve extraintestinal diseases. Interventions based on microbiota manipulation are becoming increasingly widespread for many chronic conditions and are promising for the future.
Keywords:

Microbiota, prebiotic, probiotic,

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Anatolian Current Medical Journal-Cover
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2019
  • Yayıncı: MediHealth Academy Yayıncılık
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