İngiliz Ortaklıklar Hukukunda Kurucu ve Kurucuların Görev Sorumlulukları

İngiliz hukukunda, ortaklığın kuruluş işlemlerini gerçekleştiren ve ortak olmak amacıyla veya böyle bir amacı olmaksızın, ortaklığın organizasyonuna yardım eden kişi kurucudur. İngiliz ortaklıklar hukukunda kurucunun tanımı yasada verilmemiştir. Bu nedenle tanım case law da verilmiştir. Kurucular, kurulacak olan ortaklığa karşı güvene esasına dayanan bir konum içerisindedirler. Kurucular kurulacak olan ortaklığın vekili değildirler çünkü ortaklığın varlık kazanmadan önce bir vekile sahip olması mümkün değildir. Kurucuların güven ilişkisinden kaynaklanan görevleri ortaklığa karşı yüklenilmiştir. Güvene esasına dayanan görevler kurucunun iyi niyetli olmasını gerektirir. Bu da kuruluşla ilgili olarak elde ettikleri kazançların özellikle de kendisine ait malın ortaklığa satışından elde edilen tüm kazançları açıklamasını gerektirir. Ortaklık kurucunun güvenden kaynaklanan görevlerini ihlal etmesi durumunda birkaç başvuruya sahiptir. Sözleşmenin iptali, açıklanmamış kazançların talep edilmesi, tazminat ve kurucuya ait malın gerçek değeriyle edinilmesi. Kurucuların ortaklık adına yaptıkları kuruluş öncesi sözleşmeler ortaklığı bağlamaz; bunlardan kişisel olarak kurucular sorumludur. Kurucu, ortaklıkla arasında bir sözleşme olmadığı için kuruluşla ilgili hizmetleri nedeniyle ücret talebinde de bulunamaz.

Promoter and Duties and Responsibilities of Promoters in English Company Law

Any person who does an act with reference, to the formation of a company or in aid of its organization whether he has the intention to be a partners or not is a promoter. No statuary definition of promoter is given in English company law; definition is given in case law. Promoters stand in a fiduciary relation to the proposed company. A promoter is not an agent for the company which he is forming because a company cannot have an agent before it comes into existence. The fiduciary duty is owed to the company. The fiduciary duty requires that he deal good faith; it requires that he make full disclosure of all profits he acquires on promotion; especially where the promoter sells his own property the company. Company has severel remedies for a promoter's breach of fiduciary duty. Rescission, recovery of the undisclosed profits, damages, retention of the promoter's property at its true value. A promoter making a pre-incorporation contracts on behalf of the company will not bind the company nor can a company ratify the contract. The promoter will be personally liable on it. A promoter has no right against the company to payment for his promotion services in the absence of an express contract with the company.

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