Emine KAYA ALTOP, Hüsrev MENNAN, Doğan IŞIK

Buğday ekim alanlarında sorun olan Bifora radians Bieb. (Kokarot)’ın ALS inhibitörü herbisitlere dayanıklılığının PCR temelli olarak belirlenmesi

Yabancı otlar buğdayda verimi etkileyen en önemli unsur olup yabancı ot mücadelesi buğday üretiminde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Buğday ekim alanlarında yoğun olarak herbisit kullanımına bağlı olarak bazı önemli yabancı otlar kullanılan herbisitlere dayanıklılık geliştirmektedir. Bu amaçla geniş yapraklı tek yıllık rekabetçi bir bitki olan ve birçok kültür bitkisinde olduğu gibi buğday ekim alanlarında da sorun olan Bifora radians Bieb. yabancı otuna ruhsatlı ve mücadelede geniş kullanım alanı bulan ALS (Acetolactatae synthase) inhibitörü herbisitlerle çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada Türkiye’de buğday yetiştirilen ve bu yabancı otun sorun olduğu İç Anadolu ve Orta Karadeniz Bölgesinin önemli illerinden toplam 1371 tarladan tohumlar toplanmıştır. Serada saksı koşullarında bioassay yöntemleriyle dayanıklı biyotipler ile bunların dayanıklılık dereceleri belirlenmiştir. Bazı populasyonların herbisit uygulamasından etkilenmedikleri ve hayta kaldığı saptanmıştır. Bu populasyonlar doz-etki çalışmaların alınmış ve ED50 değerlerinin elde edilmesi için Weibull modeli ile R paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Bifora radians’in 22 populasyonunun ALS inhibitorü herbisitlerle kontrol edilemediği ve dayanıklı olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca dayanıklılık gösteren biyotiplerde dayanıklılık, moleküler yöntemler kullanılarak ve dayanıklılığa neden olan gen bölgesinin sekans analizi yapılmak suretiyle tespit edilmiştir. Sekans sonucu çalışılan türlerde mutasyon varlığına rastlanılmamıştır.

PCR‐based detection of resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides of Bifora radians Bieb. (Bifra) in Wheat Fields

Weeds are one of the most important yield limiting factors in wheat which makes an effective weed control an integral part of production. Due to intensive herbicide use in wheat growing areas in Turkey is resistance problems in some important weed species. There are some observations concerning the efficacy failures of some ALS inhibitor herbicides on some important weed species, such as Bifora radians. With this aim weed seeds will be collected from different wheat growing provinces in Central Anatolia and Black Sea Region of Turkey, in total from 1371 different wheat fields. After initial screening for resistance in pot experiments, biotypes that are supposed to be resistant will be submitted to bioassays to determine the resistance grades. Some accession exhibited the highest survival to treatment with field rates of these herbicides. The Weibull dose-response curve, an asymmetric sigmoid curve, was fitted to data to obtain ED50 in R program. Twenty-two of B. radians accessions tested did not controlled by ALS inhibitor and they were accepted as a resistant population. Based on the results of bioassays, resistant biotypes tested by means of molecular methods. The gene region of resistant biotypes was determined through sequence analyses and mutation wasn't found.

Keywords:

Bifora radians, ALS inhibitor herbicides Resistance, Bioassay, Molecular,

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