Doğan IŞIK, Emine KAYA ALTOP, Hüsrev MENNANA

Buğday ekim alanlarında sorun olan Bifora radians Bieb. (Kokarot)'ın ALS inhibitörü herbisitlere dayanıklılığının PCR temelli olarak belirlenmesi

Yabancı otlar buğdayda verimi etkileyen en önemli unsur olup yabancı ot mücadelesi buğdayüretiminde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Buğday ekim alanlarında yoğun olarak herbisit kullanımına bağlıolarak bazı önemli yabancı otlar kullanılan herbisitlere dayanıklılık geliştirmektedir. Bu amaçla genişyapraklı tek yıllık rekabetçi bir bitki olan ve birçok kültür bitkisinde olduğu gibi buğday ekimalanlarında da sorun olan Bifora radians Bieb. yabancı otuna ruhsatlı ve mücadelede geniş kullanımalanı bulan ALS (Acetolactatae synthase) inhibitörü herbisitlerle çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada Türkiye'debuğday yetiştirilen ve bu yabancı otun sorun olduğu İç Anadolu ve Orta Karadeniz Bölgesinin önemliillerinden toplam 1371 tarladan tohumlar toplanmıştır. Serada saksı koşullarında bioassay yöntemleriyledayanıklı biyotipler ile bunların dayanıklılık dereceleri belirlenmiştir. Bazı populasyonların herbisituygulamasından etkilenmedikleri ve hayta kaldığı saptanmıştır. Bu populasyonlar doz-etki çalışmalarınalınmış ve ED50 değerlerinin elde edilmesi için Weibull modeli ile R paket programında analizedilmiştir. Bifora radians'in 22 populasyonunun ALS inhibitorü herbisitlerle kontrol edilemediği vedayanıklı olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca dayanıklılık gösteren biyotiplerde dayanıklılık, moleküleryöntemler kullanılarak ve dayanıklılığa neden olan gen bölgesinin sekans analizi yapılmak suretiyletespit edilmiştir. Sekans sonucu çalışılan türlerde mutasyon varlığına rastlanılmamıştır.

PCR-based detection of resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides of Bifora radians Bieb. (Bifra) in Wheat Fields

Weeds are one of the most important yield limiting factors in wheat which makes an effective weedcontrol an integral part of production. Due to intensive herbicide use in wheat growing areas in Turkeyis resistance problems in some important weed species. There are some observations concerning theefficacy failures of some ALS inhibitor herbicides on some important weed species, such as Biforaradians. With this aim weed seeds will be collected from different wheat growing provinces in CentralAnatolia and Black Sea Region of Turkey, in total from 1371 different wheat fields. After initialscreening for resistance in pot experiments, biotypes that are supposed to be resistant will be submittedto bioassays to determine the resistance grades. Some accession exhibited the highest survival totreatment with field rates of these herbicides. The Weibull dose-response curve, an asymmetric sigmoidcurve, was fitted to data to obtain ED50 in R program. Twenty-two of B. radians accessions tested didnot controlled by ALS inhibitor and they were accepted as a resistant population. Based on the resultsof bioassays, resistant biotypes tested by means of molecular methods. The gene region of resistantbiotypes was determined through sequence analyses and mutation wasn't found.

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