İ. Özer ELİBÜYÜK

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Bitkisel ürünlere karşı tarımsal biyoterörizm (Agroterörizm)

Biyolojik savas insan, hayvan ve bitkilerde hastalık yaratmak ve/veya öldürmek amacıyla mikroorganizma ve toksinlerin kasıtlı olarak kullanılmasıdır. Tarımsal biyoterörizm (agroterörizm) de korku yaratmak, ekonomik kayıp vermek ve/veya istikrarı bozmak amacıyla bir hayvan veya bitki zararlısının tarım sistemine kasten sokulması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bitkisel ürünlere karsı agroterörizm ise genellikle bitki patojenlerinin (fungus, bakteri, virüs) bireysel veya grup olarak kültür bitkilerine veya orman ağaçlarına doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak tarım sektörüne zarar vermek amacıyla kasıtlı ve düsmanca amaçlar için kullanılması seklinde nitelendirilmektedir. Günümüzde tarım ve ormancılığa karsı terörist saldırıların potansiyeli ulusal güvenlik tehdidi olarak gittikçe önem kazanmaktadır. Tarıma saldırı yeni bir kavram değildir ve tarih boyunca da bazı devlet ve gruplarca da üzerinde çalısılmıs veya kullanılmıstır. Tarım ülkemizin en eski sektörlerinden biridir ve bunun tahribi kırılgan olan tarım ekonomimize çok büyük zarar verebilir. Bu makalede bitkisel ürünlere yönelik agroterörizme karsı tarım sisteminin kırılganlığı, ekonomiye etki, bitkisel ürünlere karsı agroterörizmin özet olarak tarihçesi, konuyla ilgili iddialar, uyusturucu ile mücadele programları, potansiyel bitki patojenleri ve risk analizi konuları ele alınmıstır. Bu makale ülkemizde bugüne kadar üzerinde yeterince durulmamıs bitkisel ürünlere karsı agroterörizm konusuna dikkati çekmek amacıyla yazılmıstır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

biyolojik savaş

Anti-crop agricultural bioterrorism (Agroterrorism)

Biological warfare is the intentional use of microorganisms, and toxins to produce disease and/or death in humans, livestock and crops. Agroterrorism (agricultural bioterrorism) is a subset of bioterrorism, is defined as the deliberate introduction of an animal or plant pest to an agricultural system with the goal of generating fear, causing economic losses, and/or undermining stability. Anti-crop agroterrorism is generally described as the deliberate and malevolent use of plant pathogens (fungi, bacteria, viruses) by any human individual or group in order to cause direct damage to crops or forests, or to indirectly affect the agricultural system. Today, the potential of terrorist attacks against agricultural targets as well as against forests is increasingly recognized as a national security threat. Attacks against agriculture are not a new concept and have been conducted or considered by some states and groups throughout history. Agriculture is one of the oldest sectors of our economy, and its disruption could have catastrophic consequences for our vulnerable agricultural economy. This article addresses the vulnerability of anti-crop agroterrorism by reivewing the cost and impact of plant diseases. In addition, a brief history of anti-crop agroterrorism and related allegations, drug control programs, potential pathogens including risk analysis is given. The article is written to highlight anti-crop agroterrorism concept which has not been considered in detail in Turkey.
Keywords:

biological warfare,

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Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-2988
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2018
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