M.Kadri Bozkalfa, Tansel Kaygısız Aşcıoğlu, Dursun Eşiyok

Biber genotiplerinin genetik çeşitliliklerinin srap markörleri kullanılarak belirlenmesi

Türkiyenin coğrafik konumu itibariyle ticaret yolları üzerinde yer alması biberin diğer ülkelere yayılmasında etkili olmuştur. Ülkemizde çok sayıda yerel populasyonlara ve ticari çeşitler biber yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılmaktadır. Biber ıslahının başarısı yüksek genetik çeşitliliğe sahip kaynakların varlığına, genetik materyalin özelliklerine ve istenen özelliğe sahip kombinasyonların oluşturulmasına dayanmaktadır. Bitkisel materyalin karekterizasyonu bu işlemin ilk adımını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan bitkisel materyalin kaynağını; 2004-2007 yılları arasında yürütülen, yerel biber genotiplerinin morfolojik ve agronomik özellikler yönünden karakterizasyonu amacıyla yürütülen çalışmadan sağlanan gen kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Morfolojik özellikleri tanımlanan bu gen havuzunun moleküler yöntemler ile karakterizasyonu amacıyla yürütülen bu projede ise toplam 94 yerel biber genotipinin birbirlerine olan genetik uzaklıkları SRAP (Sequence related amplified polymorphism) markör sistemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler istatistiki olarak değerlendirildiğinde incelenen genotiplerin yüksek düzeyde varyabilitiye sahip, büyük bir bölümünün genetik yönden uzak akraba olduğu ve dendogramda farklı gruplarda yer aldığı görülmüştür. 33 SRAP markör kombinasyonu kullanılarak yapılan moleküler analizler sonucunda varyasyonun %85’i 9 faktör grubunda yer almış ve genotiplerin genetik uzaklıkları %62 ile %94 arasında değişmiştir. Bu sonuçlar ileride yürütülecek ıslah programlarında genotiplerin daha etkin kullanımına imkan sağlarken ıslah süresini büyük ölçüde kısaltacaktır.

Genetic diversity of pepper genotypes as assessed by SRAP markers

Turkey’s geographical position played an important role in spread of pepper cultivation in neighbouring countries, and a large number of cultivars and landraces are grown in commercial production in Turkey. The performance of pepper breeding depends on discovery of new sources of genetic variation, identiﬁcation of accessions with useful traits, and their combination with desired agronomic properties. Characterization and evaluation are the ﬁrst steps in the development of new cultivars. This research was carried to asses molecular characterization of 94 local pepper accessions using with SRAP (sequence related amplified polymorphism) marker system. The plant materials examined in the present research were obtained from pepper landraces evaluated for agro-morfological characterizations during the 2004-2007 experiment years. Molecular characterization informed that examined plant collection observed high genetic diversity, and most of the accessions showed low genetic similarities placed further distance on dendogram. Molecular traits recorded with 33 SRAP combinations on all pepper genotypes. The result of molecular traits 85% of total variance has taken place in 9 factor groups and genetically differences were changed between 62-94% among pepper genotypes. Present results highlighted that characterized plant pepper collection will reduce breeding duration and results informed valuable contribution for further pepper breeding programmes.

Keywords:

Breeding, Molecular characterization Pepper, SRAP markers, Variability,

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