Ahmet Korkmaz, Ayhan Horuz, Arife Karagöl

Artan NaCl stres şartlarında besin çözeltisine ilave edilen humik asidin domates bitkisinin verim ve bazı meyve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkileri

Bu çalışmanın amacı NaCl stres şartlarında domates bitkisinin verim, gövede+yaprak, kök kuru madde miktarı, meyvede bazı kalitesi özelliklerine besin çözeltisine ilave edilen hümik asidin etkilerini belirlemektir. Deneme 3x4 faktöriyel deseninde üç tekerrürlü planlanmıştır. Katı ortam olarak torf ve perlit, (1:1 oranı) kullanılmıştır. Besin çözeltisine sodyum klorürün (NaCl) 0-44.4 ve 70.4 mM, dozlarında 0-320-640 ve 1280 ppm hümik asit uygulanmıştır. 12 farklı besin çözeltisi her saksıya çiçeklenme dönemine kadar 100 mL/gün, çiçeklenme döneminden hasada kadar 200 mL/gün olarak verilmiştir. Meyve verimi NaCl’ün etkisiyle önemli derecede azalmış, fakat hümik asit uygulamasıyla etkilenmemiştir. Hümik asit gövde+yaprak kuru madde miktarını önemli derecede artırmış, fakat NaCl azaltmıştır. Hümik asit 0-44.4 ve 70.4 mM NaCl seviyelerinde, gövde+yaprak kuru madde miktarını sırasıyla ortalama % 19.04-7.26 ve 21.49 oranlarında artırmış ve 70.4 mM NaCl’e tolerans sağlamıştır. Hümik asit düşük dozda kök kuru madde miktarında önemli artış sağlamış, fakat yüksek dozlarda azalmaya neden olmuştur. NaCl kök kuru madde miktarını önemli derecede azaltmıştır. 70.4 mM NaCl dozunda hümik asit kök kuru madde miktarında ortalama % 26.18 artış sağlayarak NaCl’e tolerans sağlamıştır. Hümik asit meyvede çözünebilir katı kapsamını ve meyve suyu pH’sını önemli derecede artırmıştır. NaCl çözünebilir katı kapsamını önemli derecede artırmış, fakat meyve suyu pH’sını azaltmıştır. Hümik asit çiçek burnu çürüklüğü görülen meyve sayısını önemli derecede azaltmış, fakat NaCl artırmıştır. Hümik asit, 44.4 ve 70.4 mM NaCl seviyelerinde, çiçek burnu çürüklüğü görülen meyve sayısını azaltarak NaCl’e tolerans sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Domates, humik asit; kalite; meyve verimi; NaCl stres şartları; tolerans

The effects of humic acid added into the nutrient solution on yield and some fruit quality properties of tomato plant under the increasing NaCl stress conditions

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of humic acid added into nutrient solution on yield, stem+leaf, root dry matter, some fruit quality properties of tomato plant under the increasing NaCl stress conditions. Experiment was planned in 3x4 factorial design with three replicates. Peat and perlit (1:1 ratio) were used as a solid media. Four humic acid doses (0-320-640 and 1280 ppm) were added into nutrient solutions including three sodium chloride (NaCl) doses (0-44.4 and 70.4 mM). Twelve different nutrient solutions were applied to each pot as 100 mL/day until flowering period and 200 mL/day from flowering period to harvest time. Fruit yield decreased significantly by the NaCl effect, but it was not affected by the humic acid application. Humic acid significantly increased stem+leaf dry matter amount, but NaCl decreased it. Humic acid application at 0-44.4 and 70.4 mM NaCl levels increased stem+leaf dry matter content as 19.04-7.26 and 21.49 % ratios, respectively and provided tolerance to NaCl at 70.4 mM level. Humic acid at low dose caused significant increase in root dry matter, but it decreased at higher humic acid dose. NaCl caused significant decrease in root dry matter. Humic acid increased root dry matter content 26.18% at 70.4 mM NaCl dose and provided tolerance to NaCl. humic acid significantly increased dissolved dry matter content in fruit and fruit juice pH. NaCl significantly increased dissolved dry matter content, but decreased fruit juice pH. humic acid significantly decreased fruit number having blossom end rot, but NaCl increased it. Humic acid decreased fruit number having blossom end rot at 44.4 and 70.4 mM NaCl doses and provided tolerance to NaCl.

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