Pınar KIZILAY ÇANKAYA, Ahmet TİRYAKİ, FİLİZ CİVİL ARSLAN, Sertaç ÇANKAYA

Comparison of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a cross-sectional study from Black Sea region

Objective: Previous research has suggested that metabolic syndrome is more prevalent among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Given the scarcity of comparative research on these disorders, this study aims to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in two diagnostic groups and to identify sociodemographic or clinical factors related to metabolic syndrome. Methods: A total of 235 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (n=160) and bipolar disorder (n=75) and were being followed up by a metabolic monitoring program in a specialized outpatient clinic and using antipsychotic therapy for at least eight weeks have participated in this cross-sectional study. Patients were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel-III (NCEP ATP-III) criteria. Sociodemographic and clinical data including metabolic records were collected retrospectively by reviewing the patients’ medical records. Results: The overall prevalence of meta-bolic syndrome was 32.3% and waist circumference was the most frequent individual component with a prevalence of 60%. There were no differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between schizophrenia and bipolar patients. Age, body mass index (BMI), and use of certain types of atypical antipsychotics were found related to metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components among patients with severe mental illness is alarming irrespective of their diagnoses. Thus, metabolic screening is crucial especially for high-risk groups.

Şizofreni ve bipolar bozuklukta metabolik sendrom yaygınlığının karşılaştırılması: Karadeniz bölgesinden kesitsel bir çalışma

Amaç: Bipolar bozukluk ve şizofrenide metabolik sendrom yaygınlığının normal popülasyondan fazla olduğuna iliş-kin çalışmalar vardır. İki bozukluğu ayrı ayrı değerlendiren çalışmalar çok olmakla birlikte, karşılaştırmalı çalışmalar sayıca azdır. Literatürdeki bu eksikliğe dayanarak bu çalışmada bipolar ve şizofreni hastalarının metabolik sendrom yaygınlıklarının karşılaştırılması ve metabolik sendromun ilişkili olabileceği sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu kesitsel ça lışma KTÜ Hastanesi’nde özelleşmiş bir poliklinikte metabolik izlem programı tarafından izlenen, şizofreni (s=160) ve bipolar bozukluk (s=75) tanısı almış, en az sekiz haftadır antipsikotik kullanan toplam 235 hasta ile yürütülmüştür. Hastalara metabolik sendrom tanısı NCEP ATP-III ölçütlerine göre konulmuştur. Tüm sosyodemografik, klinik ve metabolik veriler, geriye dönük olarak hasta dosyaları ve elektronik tıbbi kayıtların incelenmesi ile elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Örneklem genelinde metabolik sendrom yaygın-lığı %32.3 olarak bulundu. Bel çevresi %60 yaygınlık ile en yaygın metabolik sendrom bileşeniydi. Metabolik send-rom ve bileşenleri açısından şizofreni (%31.3) ve bipolar hasta (%34.7) grubu arasında anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Yaş, beden kitle indeksi ve olanzapin, klozapin, ketiyapin, risperidondan oluşan antipsikotik grubu ilaçları kullanma durumu metabolik sendrom ile ilişkili bulundu. Sonuç: Metabolik sendrom ve bileşenleri, tanıdan bağımsız olarak şiddetli ruhsal bozukluklarda mortalite ve morbiditeyi artırması açısından üzerinde durulması gereken bir sağlık sorunudur. Özellikle yüksek risk taşıyan hastaların metabolik tarama ve izlemelerinin yapılması önemlidir.

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