Sosyokültürel, Etik, Tıbbi ve İslami Perspektiften Kız Çocuklarda ve Kadınlarda Sünnet

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kız/kadın sünnetinin sosyokültürel, tıbbi, etik ve dini/İslami olmak üzere dört ayrı perspektiften incelenmesidir. Günümüzde kadın sünneti Afrika'da uygulanmakta ve uygulama sıklığı ülkeden ülkeye değişmektedir. Tarih boyunca kadın sünnetine gerekçe gösterilen sosyokültürel nedenlerden hiçbirinin bilimsel geçerliliği yoktur. Kadın sünneti sıhhi hiçbir yarar sağlamaz, aksine, erken ve geç dönemde kadının fiziksel, ruhsal ve sosyal sağlığına ciddi bir darbe vurur. Cinsel sağlık ve mutluluk açısından ise, tam bir felaket tablosudur. Ancak konu ile ilgili bir uygulama olan "hoodectomy" bir istisna olup, kadın lehine olumlu sonuçlar veren bir müdahaledir. Kadın sünnetine etik perspektiften baktığımızda, genel kabul gören temel etik prensiplerin tümünün ihlal edildiğini görürüz. Son olarak İslami perspektiften bakıldığında, Kur'an'da kızların sünnetine mesnet teşkil edip hüküm çıkarılacak bir ayet olmadığı görülür. Kız sünnetinden bahseden hadisler de hadis ulemasınca zayıf bulunmuştur. Fetva vermeye mesnet olacak sıhhat ve kuvvette kabul edilmemişlerdir.

Female Circumcision from Sociocultural, Ethical, Medical, and Islamic Perspectives

This paper aims to address female circumcision (FC) from sociocultural, medical, ethical and religious/Islamic perspectives. FC is performed primarily in Africa today; its prevalence varies across countries. None of the sociocultural justifications developed historically for FC is scientifically valid. FC provides no health benefits, but, on the contrary, severely impairs the physical, psychological and social health of the victim in the short and long term. As for sexual health and satisfaction, the outcome is disastrous. Hoodectomy as another relevant surgical intervention, however, can be distinguished as an exception because it can be for the benefit of the woman. When we assess FC ethically, we see that all of the generally accepted, major principles of medical ethics are violated. Finally when we look at FC from an Islamic perspective, the Quran does not contain any verses to ground or adjudicate arguments on FC. The hadiths reporting about the justification of FC have been determined by the hadith scholars to be weak. They have not been accepted as sound justificatory sources that a fatwa can be based on.

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