Metabolik Sendrom Tedavisinde Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasının Probiyotikler ve Özellikle Saccharomyces boulardii ile Modülasyonunun Değerlendirilmesi

Metabolik sendrom insan metabolizmasındaki dengenin bozulduğu hastalıklar kümesinin adıdır. Glukoz intoleransı veya diabetes mellitus, abdominal obezite, dislipidemi, hipertansiyon ve kardiyovasküler anormallikleri barındırır. İçerdiği bu riskli hastalıklardan dolayı da mortalite ve morbiditesi artmaktadır. Türkiye'de ve dünyada metabolik sendrom prevalansı epidemik seviyelere ulaşmak üzeredir. Ülke ekonomilerine ağır yükler getirmektedir. Metabolik sendrom tedavisinde başlıca hedef kalp hastalıkları riskini azaltmak ve tabloyu kontrol altında tutmaktır. Bunun için de ilaç tedavisi ve son yıllarda özellikle obezite için cerrahi tedavi uygulanmaktadır. Ancak ilaç tedavileri, hasta yaşamında ciddi ve kalıcı değişiklikler yapmadıkça bu hastalık grubuna kesin bir çözüm getirmekten çok uzaktır. Cerrahi tedaviler için ise kesin yargılarda bulunmak henüz çok erkendir. Son zamanlarda insan mikrobiyotası üzerine yapılan bilimsel çalışmalarda, bağırsak mikrobiyotasındaki homeostatik dengenin bozulmasının subklinik ve kronik bir inflamasyona yol açtığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu inflamasyonun ise glukoz metabolizmasının bozulmasında rol oynadığı gösterilmiştir. Bu noktada bağırsak mikrobiyotasını probiyotikler kullanarak modüle etmek metabolik sendrom hastalarının tedavisinde etkili ve ekonomik bir çözüm olabilir.

An Assessment of Modulating Intestinal Microbiota by Use of Probiotics and Saccharomyces boulardii in particular in the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome is a term that refers to a cluster of diseases associated with unbalance in the human metabolism. These diseases include glucose intolerance or diabetes mellitus, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and cardiovascular abnormalities, and lead to increased mortality and morbidity. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is about to reach epidemic levels in both Turkey and the world. It imposes heavy burdens on national economies. The main goal in the treatment of metabolic syndrome is to reduce the risk of developing heart diseases and to keep the condition under control. For this purpose, pharmacotherapy and, in case of obesity, surgical procedures are applied in recent years. However, pharmaceutic treatments are far from providing a definitive solution for this cluster of diseases unless the patients make serious and permanent changes in their lives. As for surgical procedures, it is too early to make definite judgments. Recent scientific studies on human intestinal microbiota have shown that impaired homeostatic balance in the intestinal microbiota leads to subclinical and chronic inflammation. It has also been shown that this inflammation plays a role in impaired glucose metabolism. Accordingly, modulating the intestinal microbiota by use of probiotics might be an effective and economical solution in the treatment of patients with metabolic syndrome.

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