Potansiyel Gıda Kaynağı Olarak Halofitler

Toprak tuzluluğundaki artış ve kuraklık dünya genelinde özellikle tarımsal üretim için en önemli sorunlardır. Bu gibi alanların remediasyonu için harcanan çaba ve bütçeyle karşılaştırıldığında tuza toleranslı türler olan halofitler ürün olarak iyi bir alternative sağlamaktadır. %0,5’den yüksek tuzluluk şartlarında bile varlığını sürdüren halofit bitkilerin gıda, ilaç, endüstriyel hammadde, yem ve yakıt bitkisi olarak geleneksel kullanımları bulunmaktadır. Türkiye’de ise özellikle kıyı bölgelerinde sebze olarak tüketilmektedirler. Ülkemizde gerek doğal gerekse insan etkisi ile oluşmuş olan tuzlu alanlar oldukça geniş bir alanı kaplamakta ve genel olarak işe yaramaz çorak alanlar olarak Kabul edilmektedir. Ancak bu alanlar büyük bir çaba gerektirmeksizin halofit tarımında kullanım potansiyeline sahiptirler. Halofit bitkilerin gıda veya herhangi bir endüstriyel ürün olarak üretilmesi bu alanları da değerlendirecektir. Bu çalışmada gıda olarak dünya genelinde kullanılan taksonlardan ülkemizde de doğal olarak yetişenler ve ayrıca kullanımı olup ülkemizde akrabaları bulunan taksonlar ve potansiyel kullanımları verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

halofit, ekin, sebze, tuzcul alanlar

Halophytes as a Potential Food Source

Increase in soil salinity and water deficiency is important problems of the world especially in agricultural areas. Beside of spending effort and capital for remediation of such areas, using salt tolerant crops can be a good alternative. For saline areas halophytes are the best candidates as a crop. They can survive in saline areas with salinity over 0.5%. Halophytes have some traditional usages as food, medicine, industrial products, forage and fuel. In Turkey, especially in coastal areas some of them are consumed as a vegetable. Turkey has large saline areas, which are accepted as wastelands, can be used for production of halophytes without great effort. Production of halophytes as food or any kind of industrial product also values these areas. In this study, halophytic plants with known usage for food and have potential for agricultural production in Turkey are provided.

Keywords:

halophytes, crop, vegetable, saline areas,

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