ZEYNEP AYDOĞAN, ÜMİT İNCEKARA, ALİ GÜROL

Evaluation of Heavy Element Contamination Levels with the Use of Different Species of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) in Erzurum Province of Turkey

This study evaluates the level of some heavy elements (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Sr, Pb) in Erzurum Province, and to observe whether Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) is a useful candidate for biomonitoring studies. For this purpose, water, sediment and hydrophilid samples were collected from four sites on June, July, August 2014, Erzurum (Turkey). Heavy elements levels in insect, sediment and water samples which are at the same place were measured by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometer. The results have showed that the hydrophilids were contaminated by their environments, therefore accumulated some elements at higher concentration. The sediments heavy element analysis indicated that among the fourteen heavy elements Cr was maximally accumulated, followed by Ni and Fe. In all sampling sites, Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, Br, Pb concentrations in water and sediment were measured, and every insect species accumulated Ti, Fe, Ni, Cr, Zn, Br, Sr, Pb in different levels. The water samples’ results were compared with national water quality criteria. Some heavy elements’ concentrations exceed the allowable limits.

Erzurum İlindeki Farklı Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) Türlerini Kullanarak Ağır Element Kirliliğinin Değerlendirilmesi

Bu çalışma, Erzurum civarındaki bazı ağır element (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Sr, Pb) miktarlarını ve Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) türlerinin biyolojik izleme çalışmaları için uygun aday olup olmadığını değerlendirmektedir. Bu amaçla, su, sediment ve hydrophilid örnekleri Haziran, Temmuz, Ağustos 2014 aylarında Erzurum’daki dört istasyondan toplandı. Aynı lokalitelerden alınan böcek, su ve sediment örneklerindeki ağır element miktarları Enerji Dağılımlı X-Işınları Flüoresan (EDXRF) spektrometresi ile ölçüldü. Sonuçlar böceklerin bulundukları ortamdan kontamine olduklarını, bu nedenle, bazı elementleri yüksek miktarda biriktirdiğini göstermiştir. Sediment ağır element analizleri, 14 element arasında en çok biriken elementin Cr olduğunu bunu Ni ve Fe elementlerinin takip ettiğini gösterdi. Tüm istasyonlarda Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, Br, Pb konsantrasyonları su ve sedimentte ölçüldü; tüm böcek türleri Ti, Fe, Ni, Cr, Zn, Br, Sr, Pb elementlerini farklı seviyelerde biriktirdi. Su örnekleri ölçüm sonuçları ulusal su kalite parametreleri ile karşılaştırıldı. Bazı elementlerin seviyesi, izin verilen limitlerin üzerinde bulundu.

PDF

___

Anonymous. 2004. TWPCR (Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulations). National water act. (Act. no. 25687 of 2004), Ministry of environment and urbanization, Government gazette, Ankara, pp 40.

Anonymous. 2005. APHA. Standart methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21 st ed. American Public Health Association, Washington.

Anonymous. 2012. EPA (Environment Protection Agency). Wetlands. Available at: https://www.epa.sa.gov.au/ environmental_info/water_quality/programs/wetlands.

Aydogan, Z., A. Gurol, and U. Incekara. 2016. The investigation of heavy element accumulation in some Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) species. Environmental monitoring and assessment 188 (4): 204. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10661-016-5197-3.

Chen, X. Q.,Z. T. Zhang, R. Liu, X. L. Zhang, J. Chen, and Y. Peng. 2011. Effects of the metals lead and zinc on the growth, development, and reproduction of Pardosa astrigera (Araneae: Lycosidae). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 86: 203-207.

Duran, M., Y. Kara, G. K. Akyildiz, and A. Ozdemir. 2007. Antimony and heavy metals accumulation in some macroinvertebrates in the Yeşilırmak River (N Turkey) near the Sb-mining area. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 78: 395-399.

Fikacek, M., E. Gentili, and A. E. Z. Short. 2010. Order Coleoptera, Family Hydrophilidae. Arthropod fauna of the UAE 3: 135-165.

Gall, J. E., R. S. Boyd, and N. Rajakaruna. 2015. Transfer of heavy metals through terrestrial food webs: a review. Environmental monitoring and assessment 187 (4): 201.

Hansen, M. 1987. The Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. EJ Brill/Scandinavian Science Press Ltd. Leiden, Copenhagen 18: 1-253.

Jiang, H., S. Tang, D. Qin, Z. Chen, J. Wang, S. Bai, and Z. Mou. 2015. Heavy metals in sea cucumber juveniles from coastal areas of Bohai and Yellow seas, North China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 94: 577-582.

Nehring, R. B. 1976. Aquatic insects as biological monitors of heavy metal pollution. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 15: 147-154.

Nriagu, J. O. 1996. A history of global metal pollution. Science 272: 223-224.

Rosenberg, D. M., H. V. Danks, and D. M. Lehmkuhl. 1998. Importance of insects in environmental impact assessment. Environ Management 10: 773-783.

Wahizatul, A. A., S. H. Long, and A. Ahmad. 2011. Composition and distribution of aquatic insect communities in relation to water quality in two freshwater stream of Hulu Terengganu, Trengganu. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management 6: 148-155.