1913

BEZELYEDE ASCOCHYTA YANIKLIĞI VE BUNUN FLUORESENT PSEUDOMONASLARLA BİYOLOJİK KONTROLÜ

Ascochyta yanıklığı Türkiye’de bezelyenin önemli bir yeşil aksam hastalığıdır. Hastalığa içlerinde Ascochyta pisi, A. pinodes ve A. pinodella’nın bulunabildiği Ascochyta kompleksi fungal patojenler neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmayla Ege ve Marmara bölgesinde hastalıktan sorumlu patojenler araştırılmış ve bunlar A. pinodes ve A. pisi olarak tanılanmıştır. Bunun yanında, patojenisite testleriyle hastalığa karşı çeşitlerin dayanıklılık durumları incelenmiş, bu testlerde Bolero’nun tolerant, geriye kalan diğer çeşitlerin duyarlı ya da aşırı duyarlı bir reaksiyon sergiledikleri ortaya konmuştur. Aynı zamanda bu çalışmada fluoresent Pseudomonasların A. pinodes’ten kaynaklanan Ascochyta yanıklığının entegre yönetiminin bir komponenti olarak potansiyeli de ele alınmıştır. Dört izolat tarla koşullarında hastalığı baskılayıcılıkları ve bitki gelişimini uyarıcı etkileri açısından tek başlarına ve kombinasyonlar halinde denenmiştir. İzolatların bireysel kullanımı Ascochyta yanıklığını yeşil aksam ve kalıntı uygulamalarının her ikisinde de kombinasyon uygulamalarına göre daha yüksek oranda azaltmıştır. En umitvar izolat 51’le ortalama hastalık şiddeti yeşil aksamda %60, kalıntı uygulamalarında %55 oranında azalmıştır. Hastalığın baskılanması yanında Pseudomonaslar bitki boyunda ve verimde sağladıkları artışla bitki gelişimini de uyarmıştır. Ayrıca bu bakteriler bazı fungisitlerle 100 ppm gibi yüksek konsantrasyonlarda uyumlu bulunmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyolojik savaş, Ascochyta pisi, A. pinodes ve A. pinodella, Ascochyta yanıklığı, fluoresent Pseudomonas, bezelye

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